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Do not paste sensitive personal, financial, health, credential, regulated, classified, or confidential business information into a public AI chatbot. Treat every prompt, upload, image, spreadsheet, code file, and copied conversation as information leaving your immediate control. Use a public chatbot only with public, synthetic, or carefully de-identified material, and only after checking that your employer or client has approved the exact service and account.
What should you avoid putting into ChatGPT or other public AI chatbots?
A public chatbot is an external service, not a private notebook. Once you submit text or a file, the provider’s systems, staff, contractors, safety processes, connected features, retention rules, account settings, and legal jurisdiction may affect what happens next. The exact treatment varies by provider, product, account type, and settings.
Government of Canada workplace guidance states: “Never input protected, classified or personal information into public generative AI tools.” That is the safest default when you cannot verify an approved workflow.
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| Keep out of an unapproved public chatbot | Examples |
|---|---|
| Credentials and security material | Passwords, API keys, private keys, recovery codes, session cookies, access tokens, one-time authentication codes and security answers |
| Identity and financial data | Government identifiers, passport or licence numbers, bank and payment details, tax records, credit information and signatures |
| Health and private personal records | Medical records, diagnoses, prescriptions, insurance files, therapy notes, legal correspondence, private messages and personnel files |
| Customer or client information | Names combined with addresses, phone numbers, order numbers, account histories, support transcripts or other identifying details |
| Confidential organisational material | Unreleased plans, contracts, pricing, incident reports, merger information, source code, proprietary algorithms, research and internal strategy |
| Protected or classified information | Any material restricted by government classification, contract, professional duty, privacy law or your organisation’s information policy |
Anthropic’s guidance likewise tells users to think carefully before entering financial information, health records, passwords or private login credentials, and confidential business or personal documents. The warning applies equally to pasted text and uploaded files.
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Why a blank chat window is not a confidential channel
Typing into a simple interface can make a service feel like a private conversation, but the underlying request travels to a provider’s infrastructure. Information may be retained for a period, reviewed for safety or support, processed by suppliers, associated with your account, sent through connected features, or handled in another country. Feedback mechanisms can also change how a conversation is used.
UK civil-service guidance advises users to consider what happens to information after it leaves their possession. Privacy controls can reduce particular uses, but they do not by themselves prove that submission is authorised, establish a legal basis, guarantee deletion from every copy or backup, or remove contractual and security obligations.
For organisations, the legal meaning of sending data to a chatbot depends on the jurisdiction and the facts. Australia’s privacy regulator, the OAIC, explains that entering personal information can be a use or disclosure under Australia’s Privacy Act when information is no longer within the organisation’s control. That is an Australian legal analysis, not universal legal advice; consult the law and privacy professionals that apply to your situation.
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Use this sequence whenever a prompt could contain anything more than public information.
- Classify the material. Label it public, internal, confidential, regulated, restricted or classified according to your employer’s policy and the law that applies. If you cannot classify it, stop and ask the data owner, privacy team or security team.
- Check whether the task needs the real record. Try public documentation, a synthetic example or a general description first. For example, ask for “a neutral response to a customer reporting a delayed shipment” instead of pasting the customer’s email, name, address, order number and contact details.
- Minimise the input. Provide only the facts needed to obtain the answer. Remove whole sections, fields and attachments that do not affect the task rather than relying on a setting to protect them.
- De-identify deliberately. Replace names and identifiers with labels such as
[CUSTOMER],[DATE]and[ACCOUNT]. Remove exact dates, locations, account numbers and unusual combinations of facts when they are not required. - Inspect every attachment. Treat images, spreadsheets, PDFs, source-code archives and copied chat histories as prompts. Check hidden worksheets, comments, tracked changes, document properties, headers, footers, filenames and screenshots for identifiers.
- Verify approval. For work or client information, confirm that the specific service, account, workspace and purpose are approved for that information classification. A corporate-sounding product name or an “enterprise” label is not proof of approval.
How to de-identify a prompt without making it useless
Redaction is a design task: preserve the relationship and facts needed for the answer while removing facts that identify a person, organisation or secret. A name alone is not always enough. A rare job title, small town, exact incident time and unique transaction can identify someone when combined.
Convert a real customer message into a scenario
Instead of pasting an entire email, write: “Draft a concise, empathetic reply to a customer whose delivery is three days late. Offer a status update, apologise, and avoid promising a refund.” If the wording itself matters, replace every identifying element and retain only the relevant tone and facts.
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Use stable placeholders
Use consistent tokens such as [EMPLOYEE], [SUPPLIER], [PRODUCT] and [AMOUNT]. Consistency lets the model reason about relationships without seeing the original identity. Do not include a separate key that maps placeholders back to real people in the same conversation.
Remove revealing combinations
Round amounts, broaden dates to a month or quarter, generalise locations and remove unique descriptions when precision is not required. If a calculation genuinely needs an exact value, consider doing the calculation locally and sending only the result or a synthetic equivalent.
Check for re-identification
Ask whether a colleague, customer or public record could identify the subject from the remaining details. De-identification reduces exposure; it is not a guarantee of anonymity. If identification would cause harm or breach a duty, do not submit the material unless an approved process explicitly permits it.
Turn common requests into safer prompts
Changing the task often preserves most of the benefit while removing the risky record. Describe the problem, desired output, constraints and tone rather than copying the source material.
| Risky request | Safer version |
|---|---|
| Paste a customer’s complete complaint and ask for a reply | Describe a delayed shipment, the remedy you may offer and the desired tone; use [CUSTOMER] and [ORDER] placeholders. |
| Upload a production error log or configuration file | Share a minimal, redacted excerpt with hostnames, URLs, tokens, database strings and proprietary names removed. |
| Upload an employee or patient record for summarisation | Use a synthetic record with the same fields and relationships, or summarise the issue in general terms. |
| Ask for analysis of a customer spreadsheet | Describe the columns and provide fictional rows, ranges or aggregates instead of row-level names, identifiers and transactions. |
Do not assume that changing a name is enough. Exact timestamps, rare events, small locations and unusual combinations can still point to a person. Keep a private mapping only in an approved system, never in the chatbot conversation.
Never paste credentials, keys or authentication codes
Passwords, API keys, private keys, recovery codes, cookies and access tokens are secrets, not ordinary text. Do not submit them even when asking the chatbot to debug an error. Redact the secret and preserve the surrounding structure, for example Authorization: Bearer [TOKEN] or DATABASE_URL=postgres://[REDACTED].
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If a credential has already been submitted, follow the relevant security procedure immediately: revoke or rotate the key, invalidate sessions, change the password, review access logs and notify the responsible security contact. Deleting a visible chat does not establish that a secret has disappeared from provider systems, backups, logs or prior responses.
Uploads deserve the same scrutiny as typed prompts
A file can disclose more than the paragraph you intended to share. Before uploading, open spreadsheets and inspect hidden rows, columns, worksheets, formulas, comments and revision history. Check PDFs and office files for tracked changes, document properties, author names, embedded objects, headers, footers and filenames. Images can reveal badges, screens, addresses, whiteboards or background documents even when the main subject appears harmless. Copied chat histories may contain credentials or other people’s personal information several messages above or below the part you need.
Crop or recreate an image when possible, export only the necessary fields, and remove metadata locally. If you cannot verify what a file contains, do not upload it to an unapproved service.
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Privacy settings help, but they do not make sensitive input safe
Settings change particular data uses. They do not replace data classification, approval, contractual review or minimisation. Check the current documentation for the exact product and account because labels and defaults can change.
| Control or account type | What the provider says it does | What it does not prove |
|---|---|---|
| ChatGPT individual plans | Free, Plus and Pro users can turn off Improve the model for everyone in Settings > Data controls or use the Privacy Portal. The setting applies to new conversations. | It does not authorise sensitive data, guarantee deletion, or control every retention, access or legal process. |
| ChatGPT Temporary Chat | Temporary chats are not used to improve models while temporary, do not appear in chat history and do not create or update memories. If saved, the chat becomes a regular chat and follows normal account settings. | It is not a promise that nothing is retained or that every copy is immediately erased. |
| ChatGPT Business, Enterprise, Edu and API | OpenAI says inputs and outputs are not used to improve models by default and describes encryption and access-management controls. | An organisation still must review its agreement, configuration, permissions, connected applications, geography and approved uses. |
| Claude incognito chats | Anthropic says incognito chats are not used to improve Claude even when Model Improvement is enabled. | Anthropic still advises caution with financial, health, credential and confidential-document content; incognito is not a blanket approval. |
OpenAI also documents that, for individual plans, sending feedback on a response may permit use of the associated conversation for model improvement even after opting out. Do not use feedback as a way to re-submit sensitive material. Re-check settings after product updates and whenever you change accounts, workspaces or connected tools.
Rules for workplace and client information
Never use a personal consumer account for company or client material unless your organisation has explicitly approved that tool and use. Ask the owner of the information or your privacy, security and legal teams to confirm:
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- the information classification and permitted purpose;
- supplier and human access, including support and safety review;
- retention, deletion and backup behaviour;
- whether prompts and files are used for model improvement and how opt-outs work;
- data-processing terms, confidentiality commitments and breach obligations;
- processing and storage geography or residency requirements;
- administrative controls, identity management, audit logs and user permissions;
- connected applications, plugins or export paths that can receive the content.
An enterprise or business label alone does not prove that a workflow is approved. Approval must cover the exact account tier, configuration, users, data type and purpose. Keep the prompt narrow even after approval, and document the decision where your organisation requires it.
How to evaluate a chatbot before using it for permitted low-sensitivity work
Do not rank a service as “private” or “safe” because it has one toggle. Compare the exact product and account on all of these axes:
- Is model-improvement use enabled by default, and is there a documented opt-out?
- What is retained, for how long, and what does deletion cover?
- Who can access content for support, safety, abuse prevention or operations?
- What contract, data-processing addendum and confidentiality commitments apply?
- Can administrators enforce identity, permissions, logging and connected-app restrictions?
- Where is data processed and stored, and do residency rules apply?
- Has your organisation approved the service for the specific classification and purpose?
Record the answers and the date you checked them. Provider terms and controls change, so an old screenshot or a colleague’s recollection is not sufficient evidence.
What to do if sensitive data was already submitted
Act promptly, but do not assume that one universal remedy works for every provider or jurisdiction.
- Stop further disclosure. Do not continue the conversation, add clarifying details or submit the same material through another account.
- Identify the exposure. Record the service, account, workspace, approximate time, data categories, files, recipients and whether credentials were included.
- Report workplace or client data. Use your organisation’s incident, privacy or breach-reporting process immediately. The responsible team can assess notification and legal duties.
- Contain secrets. Revoke or rotate exposed passwords, keys, tokens and sessions using the applicable security procedure.
- Use provider controls carefully. Consult the current privacy and deletion documentation for the exact service and request assistance through the designated privacy or security contact when appropriate.
- Do not overstate deletion. A deleted chat may not mean every backup, log, safety copy or derived record is gone unless the provider documents that scope.
Threats that redaction alone cannot solve
Prompt minimisation reduces the amount of information you disclose, but it does not eliminate broader AI-system risks. The Privacy Commissioner of Canada identifies prompt injection, model inversion and jailbreaking as threats requiring ongoing awareness and mitigation. Those risks concern how systems process, reveal or are manipulated around data; ordinary redaction is not a complete defence.
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When approval is unclear
Do not resolve uncertainty by guessing that a paid plan, private browser window or business branding is sufficient. Pause the task and ask the information owner, privacy officer, security team or legal counsel which classification applies and whether the exact account is authorised. If the answer is not available, complete the work with public or synthetic material, or use an internally approved system. Keep a record of the approval, scope and date when your organisation requires evidence of the decision.
A quick pre-send checklist
- Is every word and file safe to disclose to an external provider?
- Have I removed names, identifiers, exact locations, unusual combinations and unnecessary dates?
- Did I inspect metadata, comments, hidden tabs, filenames and screenshots?
- Are all passwords, keys, tokens, recovery codes and authentication numbers removed?
- Could a synthetic or general description answer the question instead?
- Is this exact service, account and purpose approved for the data classification?
- Have I checked current retention, access, training-use and residency terms?
- Are connected applications and permissions limited to what the task needs?
If any answer is uncertain, do not send the material. Ask the information owner or privacy and security team, or complete the task with public or synthetic data instead.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the safest rule for using a public AI chatbot?
Keep protected, classified, personal, credential, health, financial and confidential business information out unless an explicitly approved system and process permit it. The Government of Canada states: “Never input protected, classified or personal information into public generative AI tools.”
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No. An opt-out changes a particular use of the content. It does not automatically authorise the disclosure, guarantee deletion from every copy, or settle retention, human access, contractual, jurisdictional or security questions.
Are ChatGPT Temporary Chat and Claude incognito chats completely private?
They have narrower documented uses: ChatGPT says Temporary Chat is not used to improve models while temporary, does not appear in history and does not update memories; Anthropic says Claude incognito chats are not used to improve Claude. Neither statement is a blanket approval for sensitive data or proof that nothing is retained.
Can I use a ChatGPT Business or Enterprise account for company data?
Only if your organisation has approved the exact service, account configuration, data classification and purpose. OpenAI says those products do not use inputs and outputs for model improvement by default, but your organisation still needs to review contracts, permissions, connected apps, geography, retention and administrative controls.
What should I do if I pasted an API key or password?
Stop using the conversation, revoke or rotate the exposed credential, invalidate sessions where applicable, review access logs and notify the responsible security contact. Do not assume deleting the chat removes all provider copies, backups, logs or prior responses.
Does replacing a person’s name anonymise a record?
Not necessarily. Exact dates, rare job titles, small locations, unique transactions and other combinations can identify someone. Remove unnecessary details, use stable placeholders and do not submit the material if re-identification could cause harm or breach a duty.
The Bottom Line
Bottom line: Treat a public AI chatbot as an external service. Use public, synthetic or carefully de-identified inputs; never paste credentials or restricted records; verify the exact account and approval for workplace data; and respond through your incident process if anything sensitive is submitted.
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