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Install Multicraft as two cooperating components: a PHP web panel and a daemon that starts and manages Minecraft server processes. On a Linux VPS, the practical sequence is to prepare a web server, PHP and a database; download and run Multicraft’s setup script as root; complete the browser installer; start the daemon; remove the installer file; and then create a Minecraft server from the panel. Java is still required on the VPS that runs Minecraft, even though the Multicraft daemon itself has no separate external runtime requirement.
What you are installing
Multicraft separates administration from server execution:
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- Web panel: a PHP application served by your VPS web server. It stores users, servers, daemon definitions and settings in SQLite or MySQL.
- Multicraft daemon: a background service that launches, stops and monitors Minecraft server processes. It reads
multicraft.confand writes a daemon log beside that file. - Minecraft runtime: the Java installation and Minecraft server files used by each managed instance. “Java is required to run the Minecraft server,” according to Multicraft’s installation documentation.
A single VPS can host both the panel and one or more daemons. A distributed installation can place the panel and daemons on separate machines, but those components must share a reachable database and matching daemon credentials.
Prerequisites and planning
Operating-system access
You need a Linux VPS with root or equivalent sudo access. The supplied installation procedure runs the setup script as root so it can create the Minecraft service account, install files, set ownership and write system configuration. After setup, Minecraft processes should run as the dedicated server user rather than as root.
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Panel software
The official installation requirements specify a web server with PHP 5.4 or newer and these PHP extensions:
pdo_mysqlpdo_sqlitecurlxmlgdftp
Install the extensions using the package names for your Linux distribution and PHP version, then restart the web server or PHP handler. The exact package names differ between distributions, so verify that the extensions are enabled in the PHP configuration used by the web server, not only in the command-line PHP binary.
Database choice
SQLite is the default option described by the installation documentation and is suitable for a straightforward, single-machine deployment. The panel user must be able to read and write the SQLite database file. MySQL is preferable when the panel and daemon are on different machines, when you want to avoid file-permission coupling, or when several daemons need shared state. The documentation says at least one database must be available; two are ideal when you plan separate panel and daemon databases.
| Characteristic | SQLite | MySQL |
|---|---|---|
| Default in the installer | Yes | No |
| Where data lives | A database file on the VPS | A MySQL server reached over a connection |
| Permission concern | Panel user needs access to the file and its directory | MySQL account needs database privileges; network access must be allowed |
| Separate machines | Not practical for the shared panel/daemon database | Supported, provided connectivity and credentials are correct |
| Best fit | Small, local installation | Remote, multi-daemon or more operationally separated installation |
Java and Minecraft sizing
Install a Java version supported by the Minecraft version you intend to run, and make sure the Minecraft service user can execute it. The supplied documentation publishes no CPU, RAM or player-capacity benchmark for a VPS. Size the machine for the specific Minecraft release, mod and plugin load, world size, concurrent players and your observed CPU, memory and disk usage. Leave headroom for world saves and operating-system services, and monitor the server after launch rather than relying on a generic player-per-core claim.
Download and run the Linux setup script
Use the official Linux archive URL and execute the installer with superuser privileges. The documented example downloads version 2.5.0:
wget http://www.multicraft.org/download/linux64?version=2.5.0 -O multicraft.tar.gz
tar xvzf multicraft.tar.gz
cd multicraft
./setup.shIf you are not logged in as root, invoke the script through a root shell (for example, start a root session before running these commands). Keep the archive and extracted directory in a location you can remove after installation, but do not delete the installed Multicraft directory.
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What setup.sh does
The interactive script asks for installation details and then performs the foundational file and account work. Depending on the choices you make, it can:
- create the requested Minecraft server user if that account does not exist;
- create the base installation directory;
- copy the
binandjardirectories; - create
multicraft.keywhen you provide a license; - write
multicraft.conf; - copy the panel into the web root;
- set ownership and, when selected, run
set_permissions.
Record the base directory and server user you select. The daemon start path and later permission checks depend on those values. If you choose MySQL, have the host, port, database name, username and password available before the script or browser installer asks for them.
Complete the browser installer
After setup copies the panel into your web root, open the installation path in a browser:
http://your.address/multicraft/Replace your.address with the VPS hostname or IP address and use the directory name under which you installed the panel. Follow the on-screen steps to select the database, create or verify the panel connection, and finish the initial configuration. If the page reports a missing PHP extension, enable that extension for the web server’s PHP runtime and reload the installer.
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Remove the installer and secure the initial account
As soon as the panel works, delete install.php. The official documentation explicitly requires this for security. Leaving the installer accessible can expose setup functions to anyone who can reach the panel URL.
Sign in with the initial admin account and change its password immediately under Users. Use a unique, long password that is not reused on the VPS, database or Minecraft server. Also use a strong daemon password; the daemon and panel must use exactly the same value when they communicate.
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Start the Multicraft daemon
Start the daemon with the path created during setup. The documented example uses /home/minecraft as the base directory:
/home/minecraft/multicraft/bin/multicraft startIf you selected another installation directory, substitute that path. A successful start should leave the daemon running under the configured service account. Confirm the process and inspect the daemon log before attempting to create a server. Do not run the daemon as root unless you are diagnosing a specific permission problem; correct the ownership instead.
Enable startup after a reboot
Install the official systemd unit, set its permissions, and enable it:
wget http://www.multicraft.org/files/multicraft.service -O /etc/systemd/system/multicraft.service
chmod 644 /etc/systemd/system/multicraft.service
systemctl enable multicraftEnabling a unit makes it start during future boots; it does not necessarily start the service in the current session. Start it now with your distribution’s normal systemd command, then check its status:
systemctl start multicraft
systemctl status multicraftIf the unit refers to a different base directory or user than the values selected in setup.sh, edit the service definition to match those values, reload systemd’s unit files, and start it again. A mismatch can make the panel appear healthy while no daemon is available.
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Download Minecraft and create the first server
Use the panel’s update workflow
Do not assume that an empty installation already contains a usable Minecraft server jar. In the panel, open Settings → Update Minecraft and use that workflow to download the Minecraft version you intend to manage. Confirm that the daemon’s Minecraft user can read the downloaded files and write to the server directory.
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Create a managed instance
- Open Servers → Create Server.
- Choose the daemon that should host the instance and select the Minecraft version you downloaded.
- Set the server name, directory and launch settings requested by the form.
- Save the server, then start it from the server’s control page.
- Watch the console and daemon log for the first launch. The initial run may create world files and require you to accept Minecraft’s EULA in the generated server files.
Keep each instance in its own directory. Separate directories prevent one world’s files, logs or configuration from being overwritten by another server and make backups easier to verify.
Configure MySQL for remote or multi-daemon installations
With MySQL, configure the same database connection details in multicraft.conf and in the panel configuration. The daemon password must also match in both places. A mismatch commonly produces a daemon that runs locally but never appears as available in the panel.
Connectivity checklist
- Permit the panel and every daemon host to reach the MySQL server.
- Use the correct hostname or IP, database name, username and password in both configurations.
- Allow the MySQL listener through the database host’s firewall only for the required source addresses.
- The default MySQL port is
3306; use the port in your connection string if the server is configured differently. - Grant the database account only the privileges needed for the Multicraft databases.
- Verify DNS, routing and TLS or other transport controls when the database is outside the VPS.
MySQL avoids direct access to a local database file, but it introduces a network dependency. If the database becomes unreachable, the panel and daemons may lose shared state even while their operating-system processes remain running.
Run several daemons on different VPSs
The official how-to describes a Dynamic license as allowing one panel to manage Minecraft instances distributed across multiple physical or virtual machines. In that design, every daemon uses shared MySQL access and the panel discovers daemons through the shared database.
Required configuration
- Install and test one daemon on each VPS.
- Point every daemon at the shared MySQL service and confirm that each host can connect.
- Set the same daemon password in every daemon configuration and in the panel’s corresponding daemon settings.
- Give each daemon a unique
idin itsmulticraft.conf. Duplicate IDs prevent reliable identification. - Confirm that the Dynamic license is active and supports the number of daemon IDs you are assigning.
- In the panel, add or select the daemon and assign each Minecraft server to the intended host.
Use a firewall to restrict database access to the panel and daemon addresses. A shared database does not remove the need to secure each VPS, and a compromised daemon host could expose every credential stored in its configuration.
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The panel cannot find the daemon
Check the daemon log, normally multicraft.log beside multicraft.conf, and the panel log at protected/runtime/application.log. Then verify, in this order:
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- The daemon process is actually running under the configured user.
- The panel and daemon use the same daemon password.
- Both sides point to the same database and the database accepts connections from the VPS.
- The MySQL port is correct; use
3306only when that is the server’s configured port. - The daemon’s
idis unique in a multi-daemon installation. - A Dynamic license is active and permits the configured daemon IDs.
- File ownership allows the daemon to read
multicraft.conf, its key and server directories.
After changing configuration, restart the daemon and refresh the panel rather than judging from an old log entry.
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Verify Java first. Run the Java executable as the Minecraft service user and confirm that the selected Minecraft version is compatible with that Java release. Then inspect the daemon log and the individual server’s console output for a missing jar, an invalid launch argument, a locked port, insufficient file permissions or an incomplete first-run setup.
If the process starts and immediately exits, check the server directory for the EULA file and read the crash or latest log generated by that Minecraft version. Do not “fix” a permission error by running the whole daemon as root; correct ownership of the installation and server directories instead.
The browser installer reports database or PHP errors
- Confirm that PHP 5.4 or newer is the version used by the web server.
- Check that
pdo_mysql,pdo_sqlite,curl,xml,gdandftpare enabled for that runtime. - For SQLite, make the database file and its parent directory writable by the panel user.
- For MySQL, test the hostname, port, credentials and database privileges from the panel host.
- Read the web server’s PHP error log together with
protected/runtime/application.log; the latter records panel-level failures.
The service does not return after reboot
Check that /etc/systemd/system/multicraft.service exists with mode 644, that the unit points to the installation path and account you selected, and that it is enabled. Run systemctl status multicraft and inspect the systemd journal for an invalid path, missing user, denied permission or unavailable database. Correct the unit, reload systemd, then start the service again.
Security and maintenance checklist
- Delete
install.phpimmediately after the panel installation succeeds. - Change the default
adminpassword before creating servers or additional users. - Use a strong, unique daemon password and protect
multicraft.conffrom unprivileged users. - Restrict MySQL exposure with host-based grants and a firewall; do not open port
3306to the entire internet. - Run Minecraft processes as a dedicated non-root user.
- Back up the panel database, daemon configuration, world directories and server properties separately.
- Monitor disk space, memory, CPU, world-save latency and daemon logs as player load and plugins change.
- Test a restore on a separate directory or VPS before relying on a backup.
Installation decision summary
Choose SQLite when the panel and daemon are local and you want the fewest moving parts. Choose MySQL when components are separated, several daemons share one panel, or file-level database access is inconvenient. In either case, the reliable sequence is: satisfy PHP and Java prerequisites, run setup.sh as root, finish the browser installer, remove install.php, change the initial password, start and enable the daemon, update Minecraft from the panel, and create the first server. For a distributed deployment, add shared MySQL connectivity, matching daemon passwords, unique daemon IDs and a license that supports the topology.
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