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Install CFEngine Community Edition by placing the correct Debian package on each machine, installing the hub package on the policy server, and installing the agent package on managed clients. Bootstrap the policy server to its own IP address, bootstrap every client to that same address, and run cf-promises before allowing policy to execute.
The commands below reflect the CFEngine installation and reference documentation available for the 3.26 series, plus Ubuntu package records. Package names and the current Community release can change, so confirm the downloaded filename and version for your Ubuntu release before running an installation command.
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Understand the CFEngine layout before installing
A CFEngine deployment separates the machine that stores and distributes policy from the machines that enforce it.
| Role | Packages | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| Policy server (hub) | CFEngine agent and hub packages | Stores policy inputs and serves them to clients. It also runs an agent locally, so it must be bootstrapped to itself. |
| Managed client | CFEngine agent package | Connects to the policy server, retrieves policy, validates it, and applies the resulting promises. |
Use the package built for the host architecture. CFEngine’s installation guide describes separate 64-bit and 32-bit Debian packages. Do not assume that a package downloaded for one architecture will install on another.
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Check Ubuntu, architecture, and existing packages
Record the operating-system release and architecture on every host before choosing a package:
lsb_release -ds
uname -m
apt policy cfengine3The first command prints the Ubuntu release, the second identifies the machine architecture, and the third shows whether Ubuntu already provides a cfengine3 package and which version apt would select. If apt policy reports an installed package, note its origin and version before mixing it with a package from CFEngine.
Ubuntu’s noble manpages identify cfengine3 version 3.21.0-3 for cf-agent and cf-promises. The focal manpage lists an amd64 package named cfengine3_3.12.1-2_amd64. Those records describe Ubuntu distribution packages, not necessarily the newest CFEngine Community build. A distribution package can therefore be older than the package offered by CFEngine.
Choose the package source
CFEngine Community Debian packages
The official installation guide recommends downloading a Debian package for the required architecture. Install an agent package on clients. Install the agent and hub packages on the policy server. Older builds are not recommended for policy servers, so select a currently supported Community build rather than reusing an old installer kept on another machine.
After downloading, verify the filename and location locally. The exact filename depends on the release and architecture; use the name shown by your download rather than copying an example package name.
Ubuntu’s cfengine3 package
Ubuntu’s repository package is convenient when its version meets your compatibility requirements:
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sudo apt update
sudo apt install cfengine3Check the package policy first. If you need a hub, confirm that the selected Ubuntu packaging includes the hub components required by your design; the Community installation instructions explicitly call for the hub package on a policy server.
Using cf-remote
CFEngine documents cf-remote as a PyPI tool that can download, install, and bootstrap CFEngine on hosts. A search summary for the documentation shows an example using Community 3.27.0 on two hosts, but that example was not confirmed against the complete page and does not establish that 3.27.0 is the current release. Treat the version in any copied example as illustrative and verify the release before using it in production.
Install the policy server
Use a host with a stable address that clients can reach. If you are installing from a downloaded Debian file, substitute the actual hub package filename shown by your download:
- Place the hub package on the intended policy server and install it with apt. For example, if the downloaded file is in
/tmp, runsudo apt -y install /tmp/cfengine-hub-package.deb - Install the matching agent package if the hub download did not install it as a dependency:
sudo apt -y install /tmp/cfengine-agent-package.deb - If apt cannot resolve a local package’s dependencies, refresh package metadata with
sudo apt updateand repeat the local installation. Do not replace the file with an unrelated architecture build. - Confirm that the CFEngine binaries are present. Standard installations place them under
/var/cfengine/bin:sudo /var/cfengine/bin/cf-agent --version sudo /var/cfengine/bin/cf-promises --version
A third-party Ubuntu 20.04 report for CFEngine 3.21.0 also identifies /var/cfengine/bin as the binary location and /var/log/CFEngine-Install.log as an installation log. Those paths are useful diagnostics, but the report is older and not an authoritative description of every current package.
Install agents on Ubuntu clients
Repeat the architecture check and package installation on each managed client. Clients need the agent package; they do not need the hub package merely to receive policy.
- Copy the agent Debian package to the client.
- Install it with the package’s actual path, for example:
sudo apt -y install /tmp/cfengine-agent-package.deb - Check that the agent binary is available:
sudo /var/cfengine/bin/cf-agent --version - Keep the policy server’s reachable IP address available for the bootstrap step.
Bootstrap the policy server and clients
Bootstrapping establishes the relationship between an agent and a policy server. The documented command uses the agent binary and the server’s address.
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Bootstrap the policy server to itself
On the policy server, run:
sudo /var/cfengine/bin/cf-agent --bootstrap POLICY_SERVER_IPReplace POLICY_SERVER_IP with the server’s own address. A successful run prints a confirmation. Running the command locally first gives you a known-good policy-server identity before clients are introduced.
Bootstrap a client
On every client, run the same command with the policy server’s address:
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sudo /var/cfengine/bin/cf-agent --bootstrap POLICY_SERVER_IPUse the identical server IP on all clients unless you intentionally operate more than one policy server.
When automatic bootstrap finds several addresses
The cf-agent reference says that automatic bootstrap works only on Linux and only inside one subnet. The --bootstrap option accepts an IP address, a hostname, or :avahi. If a host has multiple IP addresses or discovers more than one possible policy server, CFEngine lists the available servers; pass the correct IP explicitly instead of accepting an ambiguous choice.
For hosts outside the local subnet, do not rely on automatic discovery. Specify the policy server’s reachable address directly and make sure routing and name resolution are correct before retrying.
Validate policy safely with cf-promises
cf-promises parses policy, checks integrity across a multi-file policy, and then looks for semantic errors. It does not change the system. The agent uses this validation stage before running policy, but a manual check is valuable after editing files or deploying a new policy bundle.
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To validate a specific file, run:
sudo /var/cfengine/bin/cf-promises -f /var/cfengine/inputs/test.cfReplace the example file with the policy entry point you intend to test. A successful command returns without reporting a syntax or semantic error. If it reports a problem, fix the named file or promise before invoking cf-agent.
Function-evaluation version differences
CFEngine’s references disagree on the default for evaluating function calls. The documentation states that since 3.6.0, cf-promises does not evaluate function calls by default and that --eval-functions yes restores the older behavior. A 3.25 reference lists the default as yes, while references titled 3.12 and 3.10 appear to list no. Because this behavior is version-sensitive, check the reference matching your installed release before depending on implicit function evaluation. If your release requires explicit evaluation for your validation case, use:
sudo /var/cfengine/bin/cf-promises --eval-functions yes -f /var/cfengine/inputs/test.cfRun and observe the agent
Once the policy server and client have been bootstrapped and the policy validates, invoke the agent on a client:
sudo /var/cfengine/bin/cf-agentThe agent contacts the configured policy server, obtains the policy inputs, validates them, and evaluates the promises. Run the same command on the policy server when you need to test its local policy execution.
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Troubleshoot common installation and bootstrap failures
The package will not install
- Run
uname -mand compare the result with the package architecture. - Run
sudo apt updateto refresh repository metadata, then retry the local package installation. - Inspect
/var/log/CFEngine-Install.logwhen that file exists. Its usefulness is documented by an older Ubuntu 20.04 report, so also read the apt error itself. - Use
apt policy cfengine3to determine whether Ubuntu’s package is being selected instead of the downloaded Community package.
The binary is missing after installation
Check the expected location:
ls -l /var/cfengine/bin/cf-agent /var/cfengine/bin/cf-promisesIf the files are absent, inspect the package result from apt and confirm that you installed an agent package, not only a package intended for another component or architecture.
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Bootstrap reports multiple servers
List the addresses shown by the command and rerun bootstrap with the policy server’s exact IP:
sudo /var/cfengine/bin/cf-agent --bootstrap 192.0.2.10The address above is an example from a documentation-style command; use your real policy-server address. Explicit selection avoids choosing the wrong interface on a multihomed host.
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- Confirm that the client can route to the server IP.
- Verify that the server address used in the command belongs to the policy server, not a private or disconnected interface.
- On systems with several addresses, avoid discovery and pass the intended address explicitly.
- Retry only after correcting connectivity; repeatedly bootstrapping an unreachable address does not repair the network path.
cf-promises reports a policy error
Read the first reported file and line, correct the syntax or semantic problem, and run the same validation command again. Because validation does not modify the system, it is safe to repeat while editing. Do not use a failing validation as a reason to run the agent anyway; the agent is designed to validate before execution.
Confirm which version you actually installed
Record versions from the binaries rather than inferring them from a package filename:
/var/cfengine/bin/cf-agent --version
/var/cfengine/bin/cf-promises --versionCompare those results with the package source shown by apt and the CFEngine documentation for that release. The Ubuntu noble and focal package versions cited above demonstrate why the operating-system release matters: two supported Ubuntu generations can carry materially different CFEngine versions.
Quick Recap
Operational checklist
- Identify every host’s Ubuntu release and architecture.
- Choose a current Community package, or confirm that Ubuntu’s
cfengine3version is suitable. - Install the hub and agent on the policy server.
- Install the agent package on each client.
- Verify
cf-agentandcf-promisesunder/var/cfengine/bin. - Bootstrap the policy server to its own IP.
- Bootstrap each client to that same IP.
- Run
cf-promisesagainst the policy entry point. - Run
cf-agentonly after validation succeeds. - Record the installed version and package source for future upgrades and troubleshooting.
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