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On Ubuntu 20.04 or later, the dependable approach is to install RethinkDB from its APT repository using a dearmored signing key and a deb822 source file, then define each server instance in /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/. Enable the matching systemd template unit, verify the installed version, and bind the administrative interface only where you intend to allow access.
What you need before installing
- Ubuntu: This procedure targets Ubuntu 20.04 and newer. RethinkDB’s official Ubuntu page says binaries are available for 64-bit Ubuntu Trusty (14.04) and later, but repository instructions and package availability can differ on older releases.
- Architecture: Use a 64-bit VPS. Confirm the release and architecture before changing APT sources.
- Privileges: You need a user with
sudoaccess and outbound HTTPS access to the package repository. - A service plan: Decide the instance name, data directory, HTTP administration port, and whether the web interface should be reachable only from the VPS itself or from a private network.
lsb_release -cs
uname -mThe codename printed by lsb_release -cs is used in the repository definition. Keep it exactly as returned; substituting a different Ubuntu release can make APT select incompatible packages.
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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsInstall RethinkDB with the keyring and deb822 repository method
Use the keyring-based method rather than the older apt-key examples still present in some tutorials. Ubuntu 22.04 and later warn that apt-key is deprecated. The exact signing-key address and repository details can change, so obtain the current key and repository URI from RethinkDB’s official Ubuntu instructions before running the commands below.
1. Create a dedicated keyring directory
sudo install -d -m 0755 /usr/share/keyrings2. Save and dearmor the current RethinkDB signing key
Download the signing key specified by the official instructions and save it as /tmp/rethinkdb.asc. Then convert it to the binary keyring format APT expects:
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sudo gpg --dearmor --yes
--output /usr/share/keyrings/rethinkdb-archive-keyring.gpg
/tmp/rethinkdb.asc
sudo chmod 0644 /usr/share/keyrings/rethinkdb-archive-keyring.gpgDo not put a private key in this location. The file must contain only the repository’s public signing key.
3. Create the deb822 source file
The official layout uses /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rethinkdb.sources and a suite named ubuntu- followed by your Ubuntu codename. Use the repository URI shown by the current official page; the URI below is the endpoint historically used by RethinkDB’s APT instructions.
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rethinkdb.sources >/dev/null <<EOF
Types: deb
URIs: https://download.rethinkdb.com/apt
Suites: ubuntu-$(lsb_release -cs)
Components: main
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/rethinkdb-archive-keyring.gpg
EOF
sudo chmod 0644 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/rethinkdb.sourcesIf the official page provides a different URI or component, use those values instead of the historical endpoint. The important properties are the deb822 file, the Ubuntu-specific suite, and the Signed-By keyring reference.
4. Refresh APT and install the package
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install rethinkdbRead any signature or distribution error before proceeding. A successful installation does not by itself prove that the service is configured to start; instance configuration is handled in the next sections.
5. Record the installed version
rethinkdb --versionPackage versions vary by Ubuntu codename and repository state. A 2026 third-party report mentioned RethinkDB 2.4.4 on Ubuntu 24.04 and 2.4.5 for newer codenames, but those numbers were not confirmed by a primary source. Treat the output of your own installation as authoritative rather than pinning a version from a tutorial.
How RethinkDB’s Ubuntu service configuration is organized
For automatic startup, RethinkDB’s startup documentation places instance files in /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/. Each .conf file represents one instance. A systemd template unit passes the selected filename to RethinkDB as --config-file /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/%i.conf; therefore, the instance name in the unit must match the configuration filename.
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Configuration files should have mode 0644. The package’s sample file is commonly installed at /etc/rethinkdb/default.conf.sample, although the official guide notes that the sample can be absent on some installations and may need to be downloaded from the project.
Create and start a first instance
1. Create the instances directory
sudo install -d -m 0755 /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d2. Copy the sample configuration
sudo cp /etc/rethinkdb/default.conf.sample
/etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance1.conf
sudo chmod 0644 /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance1.confIf that sample path does not exist, obtain the sample from the RethinkDB project as directed by the official startup documentation, save it as /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance1.conf, and apply the same permissions.
3. Edit only the settings you intend to change
sudo editor /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance1.confKeep the rest of the generated sample intact. Option names and defaults should be checked against the configuration documentation that matches your installed release.
4. Enable the matching systemd unit
The template-unit convention uses the instance name as its argument:
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sudo systemctl start rethinkdb@instance1
sudo systemctl status rethinkdb@instance1If your package exposes a differently named unit, list the installed units and use the template shown there:
systemctl list-unit-files | grep -i rethinkEnabling the unit creates the boot-time link; starting it launches the instance immediately. You can combine both actions with sudo systemctl enable --now rethinkdb@instance1 once the unit name is confirmed.
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5. Inspect the first startup
sudo journalctl -u rethinkdb@instance1 --no-pager -n 100Look for the listening ports, selected data directory, permission errors, or an early exit. Resolve those messages before exposing the VPS to clients.
Configuration options you are most likely to change
The following names are frequently adjusted in Ubuntu guides, but the available options and defaults should be verified in the sample shipped with your package. The confidence column distinguishes values that came from third-party examples rather than a complete primary-source option reference.
| Option | Purpose | Typical use | Evidence and caution |
|---|---|---|---|
http-port |
Port for the web administration interface. | Third-party examples commonly use 8080. |
Low-to-medium confidence; choose an unused port and do not assume 8080 is safe to expose publicly. |
bind |
Addresses on which the process listens. | Use a loopback or private address for administration; examples also show an all-interface value. | Syntax and behavior should be checked in your installed sample. Binding all interfaces exposes the administration surface to every reachable network. |
server-name |
Human-readable identifier for an instance. | Set a distinct name such as instance1 when running more than one server. |
Third-party documentation; keep names unique within your deployment. |
directory |
Location of the instance’s data files. | A third-party guide reports /var/lib/rethinkdb as a default; a separate directory per instance is safer for multiple instances. |
Low confidence on the package default. The service account must be able to read and write the selected path. |
Do not copy an example value blindly. A port must be free, a data directory must have sufficient persistent storage, and every instance needs a distinct directory and listening-port combination.
Choose a safe network binding
The bind setting determines whether the administration interface is local-only, private-network-only, or reachable on every interface. Examples that use an all-interface address are convenient for testing but can publish the web UI on the VPS’s public IP. This research did not verify RethinkDB authentication, TLS, or firewall procedures, so do not treat an exposed HTTP port as a hardened production setup.
- For administration from the VPS itself, bind to loopback if that value is supported by your installed configuration sample.
- For a private application network, bind to the VPS’s private address and restrict network access to the application hosts.
- Use an all-interface binding only when you have deliberately restricted inbound traffic with your provider or host firewall and understand who can reach the UI.
After changing bind or http-port, restart the specific instance and verify the listener locally:
sudo systemctl restart rethinkdb@instance1
sudo ss -ltnp | grep rethinkRun more than one RethinkDB instance
The instances-directory design supports separate configurations. Create one file per instance and give each process its own name, data directory, and ports.
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sudo cp /etc/rethinkdb/default.conf.sample
/etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance2.conf
sudo chmod 0644 /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance2.conf
sudo editor /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance2.confIn the second file, change at least the instance identifier, data directory, and HTTP port. If both processes try to use the same directory or port, one of them will fail during startup. Enable the second template unit independently:
sudo systemctl enable --now rethinkdb@instance2
sudo systemctl status rethinkdb@instance2Keep the filename and unit argument synchronized: instance2.conf maps to rethinkdb@instance2. This mapping is the reason arbitrary filenames or a single shared configuration file do not work with the template service.
Verify installation and ongoing operation
Confirm the binary and package metadata
rethinkdb --version
dpkg -s rethinkdb | grep -E '^(Package|Version|Status):'The first command reports the executable version. The package query helps distinguish an installed package from a failed or incomplete transaction.
Confirm that the instance is enabled and running
systemctl is-enabled rethinkdb@instance1
systemctl is-active rethinkdb@instance1
sudo systemctl status rethinkdb@instance1Confirm the expected listener
sudo ss -ltnp | grep -E 'rethink|:8080'Replace 8080 with the port you configured. A listener on loopback will not be reachable through the VPS’s public address, which is expected when the administration interface is intentionally local.
Check logs after every configuration change
sudo journalctl -u rethinkdb@instance1 -b --no-pagerReading the journal for the affected unit is more reliable than guessing from a browser timeout. It also distinguishes a network-access problem from a process that never started.
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APT reports a missing release or cannot find the package
Check that Suites: contains ubuntu- plus the exact output of lsb_release -cs. Confirm that the repository URI and component match the current official Ubuntu instructions, then run sudo apt-get update again. Do not solve a suite mismatch by pointing an Ubuntu release at a different codename.
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APT warns about apt-key
That warning comes from legacy instructions. Remove the old key-management step, store the public key under /usr/share/keyrings/, and reference it with Signed-By: in the deb822 file. Keeping both methods can make it unclear which key APT is actually trusting.
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Some Ubuntu/Debian package layouts do not include default.conf.sample. Use the sample supplied by the project documentation, save it under the intended filename in /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/, and set mode 0644 before enabling the unit.
The service exits with a permission error
Check the ownership and permissions of the configuration file and the configured data directory. The service account must be able to traverse the parent directories and write its data. If you changed directory, revert to the sample’s known path while diagnosing, or grant the package’s service account access to the new persistent location.
The instance cannot bind its port
Another process or another RethinkDB instance is already using the selected port. Find the listener with sudo ss -ltnp, assign a unique http-port, and restart only the affected template unit.
The browser cannot open the administration UI
First check systemctl is-active and the journal. Then inspect the listener address with ss. A loopback binding is reachable only from the VPS; an all-interface binding can still be blocked by your provider or host firewall. Change one variable at a time so that a service failure is not confused with a network-policy failure.
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The unit name does not exist
List installed units with systemctl list-unit-files | grep -i rethink. Package revisions can differ in how the template is named. Use the installed unit’s documented instance syntax, while retaining the filename-to-instance mapping described by the startup guide.
Updates and version checks
Before upgrading, record the output of rethinkdb --version and keep copies of each file in /etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/. Apply normal Ubuntu package updates through APT, then run the version command again and inspect the instance journal after restarting the affected unit. Because repository builds vary by Ubuntu codename, never infer the installed version from a guide written for another release.
Configuration syntax can evolve. When a package update changes the sample file, compare it with your customized instance file and consult the configuration reference for that release before adding new options. Preserve the 0644 mode required by the official startup guidance.
Quick Recap
Recommended first-instance checklist
- Ubuntu release and 64-bit architecture confirmed.
- Current signing key converted into
/usr/share/keyrings/. - Deb822 source saved as
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/rethinkdb.sourceswith the correct codename andSigned-Bypath. rethinkdbinstalled and its version recorded.- Configuration created as
/etc/rethinkdb/instances.d/instance1.confwith mode0644. - Data directory,
http-port, andbindreviewed rather than copied blindly. - Matching systemd template enabled, started, and checked with
journalctl. - Administration access restricted to the networks that need it.
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