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To host Mineshafts & Monsters, install a 64-bit Java 8 runtime, create a Forge 1.16.5 server in a clean folder, extract the matching Mineshafts & Monsters server pack into that folder, accept the Minecraft EULA, allocate enough memory, and configure your firewall and router for anyone joining from outside your home network. The pack intentionally does not include a ready-made server.jar; Forge must be installed first.
What you need before installing
Gather these items before you create the server. Doing the compatibility checks first prevents most launch and connection failures.
- A specific Mineshafts & Monsters release: Choose either the full edition or Lite edition, then select one exact 1.16.5 Forge client release and its matching server-pack file.
- 64-bit Java 8: Minecraft 1.16.5 and Forge 1.16.x are built for Java 8. A newer Java installation may be the default on your computer, so verify the executable that the server will actually use.
- A clean server directory: Use a dedicated folder with enough free disk space for the world, logs, backups and future updates. Do not mix files from another modpack.
- Memory headroom: The project’s FAQ lists 6 GB as the full edition’s minimum and 7–8 GB as its recommendation. Lite is listed at 4 GB minimum and 6–7 GB recommended.
- Network access: Players on your home network need your local address. Players elsewhere require an active server process, a firewall rule and router port forwarding for the port configured by the server.
- Matching client installations: Every player needs the same edition, release revision, Forge generation and mod files as the server.
The memory numbers are practical guidance from the Mineshafts & Monsters project, not a promise that every computer will perform identically. World size, view distance, player count and other running programs affect the result.
Choose one exact pack release
Open the Mineshafts & Monsters project on CurseForge and work from a single release entry. The project lists 1.16.5 Forge server packs, including MnM_1.11_Serverpack_hf3 and MnM 1.10.9 Serverpack. The 1.11 server pack is dated November 10, 2022; the 1.10.9 server pack is dated January 22, 2022. Those dates identify the releases in the project listing, not a guarantee that they are the newest files available when you read this.
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Keep the edition and revision identical
Do not combine the normal edition with Lite, or use a server pack from one revision with a client profile from another. Mod lists, configuration files and world-generation settings can change between revisions. Have each player install the client file that corresponds to the exact server-pack release you selected.
Download the server pack, not only the client profile
Use the project’s Files area to identify the server-pack download associated with your chosen release. If a README.txt file is included, keep it with the extracted files and follow its instructions. The project FAQ specifically directs operators to read that file.
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Install a 64-bit Java 8 runtime on the machine that will run the server. Forge’s 1.16.x documentation states that Minecraft and MinecraftForge compile against Java 8, and Forge’s maintained Java table lists Java 8 for Minecraft 1.16.5 and older versions.
Check the Java version used by the server
- Open a terminal or command prompt on the server computer.
- Run
java -version. - Confirm that the reported major version is 8, commonly displayed as
1.8or8. - Confirm that the installation is 64-bit. If your operating system has several Java versions, use the full path to the Java 8 executable in the Forge launch configuration rather than relying on the system default.
If the command reports Java 17, Java 21 or another newer version, install Java 8 and update the launch script or service so the server uses that Java 8 executable. Changing the system-wide default is optional; what matters is the Java process that starts Forge.
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Create the Forge 1.16.5 server
The server-pack archive is not a complete Forge installation. That is why you will not find a usable server.jar inside it. The Mineshafts & Monsters FAQ says to make a Forge server first and then place the server pack inside it.
- Create a new, empty folder dedicated to this server. Avoid a protected operating-system folder or a directory already containing another Minecraft instance.
- Download the Forge installer for the exact 1.16.5 Forge build required by your selected Mineshafts & Monsters release.
- Run the installer and choose the server-installation option. Point it at the empty server folder.
- Let the installer finish creating the Forge runtime files and launch configuration. Do not copy the modpack files into the folder until the Forge installation has completed.
- Keep the installer and the generated files available in case you need to rebuild the directory after a failed upgrade.
Forge versions are part of the compatibility matrix. Installing an arbitrary 1.16.5 Forge build can produce missing-mod, registry or startup errors even when Java is correct, so use the build associated with the pack release.
Extract the Mineshafts & Monsters server pack
With the Forge server created, extract the matching server-pack archive directly into that Forge server directory. Preserve the archive’s folder structure.
Files that normally matter
modscontains the server-side mod files supplied by the pack.configcontains configuration files that must match the client profile.- Additional scripts, libraries, default settings and README.txt files supplied by the pack should remain in place.
Do not create a second nested folder such as server-folder/MnM_1.11_Serverpack_hf3/ unless the README explicitly instructs you to do so. The Forge launch files and the pack’s mods and config directories need to be visible from the server’s working directory. If your archive utility asks whether to overwrite a file created by Forge, stop and read the README before accepting; the correct action depends on the file and the pack revision.
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Start once, accept the EULA, then start again
Use the launch script or command generated by the Forge installer. The first launch is expected to stop while it creates runtime files and asks you to accept Minecraft’s EULA.
- Start the Forge server from its dedicated directory.
- Wait for the initial file creation and shutdown. Do not treat this first stop as a mod failure unless the log shows a separate error.
- Open the generated
eula.txtfile. - Read the license terms, then change the setting from
eula=falsetoeula=trueif you agree to them. - Save the file and start the same Forge launch command again.
- Leave the console open until the server reports that it has finished loading and is ready for commands.
CurseForge’s server tutorial uses the same sequence: obtain the server files from the modpack’s Files or Additional Files area, run the server once, and change eula=false to eula=true. If the process exits immediately on every launch, check the EULA file before changing mods or Java settings.
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Allocate memory without starving the host computer
Use the project’s published guidance as a starting point, then leave RAM for the operating system and any other services running on the machine.
| Edition | Project-listed minimum | Project-listed recommendation | How to apply it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Full Mineshafts & Monsters | 6 GB | 7–8 GB | Set the Java maximum heap within this range when the host has additional RAM available. |
| Lite | 4 GB | 6–7 GB | Start near the recommended range, then observe logs, tick speed and system memory use. |
Use the Forge-generated launch configuration and adjust its Java memory values rather than inventing a different startup method. A typical Java maximum-heap setting is written with the -Xmx option, but the exact file and syntax depend on the installer output and operating system. Never assign all physical RAM to Java: the operating system, disk cache and background services still need memory.
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Symptoms of insufficient or excessive allocation
- Out-of-memory errors or repeated garbage-collection pauses: Compare the allocation with the pack’s minimum and recommended figures, close unrelated programs and reduce simultaneous player or world-generation load.
- Severe lag despite free Java heap: More RAM is not automatically a fix. Check CPU load, disk activity and view-distance settings before changing mods.
- Host becomes unresponsive: Reduce the Java maximum heap so the operating system retains headroom.
Configure local and internet access
Players on the same LAN
Give local players the host computer’s private address and the server port configured in the server settings. The host and players must be on the same network, and the operating-system firewall must allow the Java or Forge server process to accept connections.
Players outside your network
Minecraft’s official server guidance warns that outside connections may require network configuration such as port forwarding. Configure all three layers:
- Server listening: Confirm the Forge process is running and has finished loading. Use the port defined in the server configuration rather than assuming a different value.
- Host firewall: Create an inbound rule for that port and allow the Java process or the server executable through the firewall profile used by the host network.
- Router forwarding: Forward the same port from the router’s public interface to the host computer’s private address. Reserve the host’s local address in the router if possible so the forwarding rule does not break after a lease change.
Test from a device outside the home network, not only from the host itself. A successful local connection proves that Forge is running; it does not prove that the router or firewall is allowing remote traffic. Do not publish administrative console access or unrelated services to the internet.
Make every client match the server
Connection errors are expected when a player has a different mod list or pack revision. Ask each player to install the same CurseForge file release used for the server, including the same edition (full or Lite) and the same Forge generation.
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Use a clean client profile when troubleshooting
- Record the server’s exact pack filename and Forge build.
- Remove or disable an old Mineshafts & Monsters profile rather than editing its mods manually.
- Install the matching client release from the same project file entry.
- Start the client once so its files are generated, then connect using the server address and configured port.
- If the connection still fails, compare the client and server logs for a named missing mod, registry mismatch or configuration error before replacing files.
Do not copy a player’s entire client folder into the server. The server pack is the authoritative set of server files; client-only files can cause startup or handshake problems.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Self-hosting versus managed hosting
Self-hosting gives you direct control of Forge, configuration, worlds and backups, but you maintain the Java runtime, files, firewall, router and hardware. A managed service handles the hosted network workflow and keeps the server online in a provider’s region, while you trade some low-level control for a recurring plan.
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| Factor | Self-hosted computer | Managed CurseForge server |
|---|---|---|
| Initial setup | Install Java, Forge and the server pack; configure the operating system and router. | Choose the modpack and matching server-pack file, select a plan and region, enter server details and purchase. |
| File and configuration control | Highest control over mods, configs, scripts, worlds and operating-system settings. | Use the host’s file and control interfaces; available controls vary by plan and service. |
| Port forwarding | You normally configure the firewall and router for players outside the LAN. | The provider handles the hosted network path, so home-router forwarding is not part of the normal workflow. |
| RAM options | Limited by the physical memory installed in your machine and the headroom you can spare. | CurseForge’s published example tiers include 4 GB, 8 GB and 12 GB plans; current availability and pricing can change. |
| Location and latency | Determined by your home or office internet connection. | Choose from the regions offered during setup; select one geographically close to most players. |
| Backups and maintenance | You are responsible for scheduled world backups, Java updates, Forge files, logs and recovery. | Check exactly what backups, retention and support the current plan includes; do not assume every service makes independent backups. |
| Recurring cost | No hosting subscription, but you pay in electricity, hardware and your own administration time. | Monthly or other recurring charges apply and must be checked at the time of purchase. |
Managed setup sequence
- Open the CurseForge Servers workflow.
- Select Mineshafts & Monsters and the server-pack file that matches your clients.
- Choose the RAM plan and a region. The published examples are 4 GB, 8 GB and 12 GB; availability, prices and supported revisions are subject to change.
- Enter the server name and other requested details.
- Complete the purchase and wait for the host to provision the instance.
- Use the provider’s connection address and follow its console or file instructions for starting, stopping and backing up the server.
Before paying, confirm that the exact Mineshafts & Monsters server-pack revision is supported. A generic Minecraft plan that cannot install the required Forge build will not solve a pack-compatibility problem.
Backups, updates and routine operation
Create recoverable backups
Stop the server cleanly before copying the world directory. Back up the world, mods, config, server settings and any scripts or custom files. Keep at least one backup on a different disk or machine; a backup stored beside the live world is vulnerable to the same disk failure.
Update cautiously
Do not replace the live pack while players are connected. Record the current pack filename, Forge build and Java path, stop the server, make a full backup, and test the new release in a separate directory first. If the test fails, restore the previous directory and world rather than mixing files from both revisions.
Use the console as the source of truth
Watch the server log during startup and shutdown. A clean startup should progress past mod loading and remain running for player connections. Save and stop the server through its console command or control panel before restarting the operating system; terminating Java can leave world data in an unsafe state.
Quick Recap
Troubleshooting the common failures
| Symptom | Likely cause | Fix |
|---|---|---|
There is no server.jar. |
The pack is a server-pack archive, not a prebuilt Forge server. | Install the exact Forge 1.16.5 server first, then extract the pack into that Forge directory. |
| Java launch or class-version errors. | The process is using a newer Java default instead of 64-bit Java 8. | Run java -version, install Java 8 if needed, and point the Forge launch configuration at the Java 8 executable. |
| The server shuts down immediately on the first run. | Initial file creation or an unaccepted EULA. | Let the first launch create files, set eula=true after reading the terms, and launch again. Then inspect the log for any separate error. |
| A remote friend cannot connect, but LAN players can. | Firewall or router forwarding is incomplete, or the wrong port is being tested. | Verify the server is listening, allow the port through the host firewall and forward that configured port to the host’s private address. |
| Players receive missing-mod or incompatible-version errors. | The client edition, revision, Forge build or mod list differs from the server. | Install a clean client profile from the same CurseForge release used for the server. |
| Out-of-memory errors, long pauses or severe lag. | Allocation is below the pack guidance, the host has no headroom, or simultaneous load is too high. | Compare Full and Lite requirements, leave RAM for the operating system, close unrelated programs and reduce simultaneous load before changing mods. |
| The server works until the router restarts. | The host’s private address changed, invalidating the forwarding rule. | Reserve the host address in the router and verify that the forwarding destination still matches the server computer. |
A reliable first-session checklist
- Select one exact full or Lite release and download its matching server pack.
- Install and verify 64-bit Java 8.
- Install the required Forge 1.16.5 server into a clean directory.
- Extract the server pack into that Forge directory and read README.txt if supplied.
- Launch once, edit
eula.txttoeula=trueafter accepting the terms, and launch again. - Set memory within the project’s guidance: Full 6 GB minimum and 7–8 GB recommended; Lite 4 GB minimum and 6–7 GB recommended.
- Test a local connection before configuring remote access.
- For internet players, allow the configured port through the firewall and forward it on the router.
- Give every player the same edition, revision, Forge build and mod files.
- Stop the server, make a backup and record the working Java path, Forge build and pack filename before inviting a larger group.
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