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Resolve the human-authored manifest and code changes first, then let the project’s own package manager rebuild or validate its dependency metadata. Don’t blindly keep one Git side or delete a lockfile: package managers treat package-lock.json, yarn.lock, poetry.lock and go.sum differently.
What to check before resolving a conflict
Start by identifying every conflicted file and the package-manager version the repository expects. A conflict can involve application code, a dependency manifest such as package.json, pyproject.toml or go.mod, and generated dependency metadata. Resolve the intended code and manifest changes before asking a package manager to update that metadata; a tool cannot infer which human-authored change the project should keep.
- Run
git statusand note all files marked as conflicted. - Resolve conflict markers in source files and dependency manifests, preserving the intended changes from both branches where appropriate.
- Check the repository’s documentation, scripts or version pins to identify its package manager and version. Yarn Classic and modern Yarn use different lockfile formats, for example; avoid running another manager or an arbitrary version on the project.
- Use the matching recovery path below, then inspect the resulting diff and run the project’s validation commands before committing.
Git’s general process is to identify affected files, edit the competing changes and commit after resolving them; it does not prescribe a package-manager-specific lockfile repair command. GitHub’s command-line conflict guide covers that general workflow.
How the four files differ
| File | Manifest or input to resolve first | What the file represents | Important distinction |
|---|---|---|---|
package-lock.json |
package.json |
npm’s dependency tree and resolved package information | npm documents a direct recovery path; its conflict-specific page is legacy npm v6 documentation. |
yarn.lock |
package.json |
Yarn’s resolved dependency information | Recovery depends on whether the project uses Classic or modern Yarn and on the lockfile format. |
poetry.lock |
pyproject.toml |
Poetry’s locked dependency versions | The cited Poetry guide explains lockfile behavior but does not give a dedicated conflict recipe. |
go.sum |
go.mod and source imports |
Module checksum records | It is checksum data, not a conventional version lockfile; Go module requirements are declared in go.mod. |
These formats and repair commands are not interchangeable. npm describes its lockfile in the package-lock reference; Yarn documents its lock separately for Classic and modern versions; Poetry explains its lockfile in basic usage; and Go distinguishes module requirements from checksums in the Modules Reference and Modules Wiki.
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Resolve a package-lock.json conflict with npm
First remove all conflict markers from package.json and decide which dependency declarations the merged project should use. Then run npm install to resolve the package tree and update the lockfile. If you want to update only the lockfile without updating local node_modules, use npm install --package-lock-only.
The npm Docs’ conflict-specific recipe says: “As of npm@5.7.0, these conflicts can be resolved by manually fixing any package.json conflicts, and then running npm install [--package-lock-only] again.” That instruction appears on the npm v6 package-lock conflict page, last edited September 22, 2020, so treat it as legacy conflict guidance rather than a current version guarantee. Current npm references describe lockfile and install behavior in the package-lock documentation and npm v11 install page.
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Review the new lockfile diff for unexpected additions, removals or version changes. To check whether the manifest and lockfile agree without rewriting the lockfile, run npm ci: current npm documentation says it requires package.json and package-lock.json to be strictly in sync and does not rewrite the lockfile. Run it in the project’s normal clean-install workflow, since it installs dependencies rather than serving as a lockfile-only check.
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Resolve a yarn.lock conflict with the project’s Yarn generation
Check the project’s pinned Yarn version and lockfile format before editing or regenerating anything. A Classic v1 lockfile and a modern Yarn lockfile are not interchangeable assumptions.
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Yarn Classic
Yarn Classic’s documentation says yarn.lock is generated and should not be edited directly. After resolving package.json, run yarn install so Classic can write lockfile changes if the existing lock does not satisfy the manifest. To install while refusing a lockfile update, run yarn install --frozen-lockfile; the command fails if an update is required. See Yarn Classic’s lockfile and install guidance.
Modern Yarn and YN0046
Modern Yarn’s YN0046 guidance applies when Git conflict tokens leave one or both lockfile candidates unparsable. It notes that mixing Yarn v1 and v2 lockfile formats can cause this kind of problem. Its recovery example selects one candidate, then runs Yarn install so dependencies from the other branch can be re-imported; some v2 resolutions may be lost and detected for resolution again.
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Do not treat git checkout --theirs yarn.lock as a universal fix. It selects one side, not a merge of both sides, and is only useful when that candidate is the deliberate starting point for the documented recovery. If there are multiple nested conflicts, modern Yarn says it does not support resolving them directly; reduce them to two-level merges through staged merges instead.
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Resolve pyproject.toml first so its dependency declarations express the intended result. Poetry’s basic-usage guide says that poetry install uses the exact versions in an existing lockfile and recommends committing poetry.lock for reproducible application installs. It does not provide a dedicated lock-conflict command.
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Use the lock-generation or install command supported by the Poetry version pinned by the project to reconcile the resolved manifest, then inspect the changed lockfile and test the application. For versions that use poetry lock to refresh the lock, that is a possible regeneration step; do not assume it preserves both branches’ previous transitive choices. The resulting resolution needs review rather than blind acceptance.
Reconcile go.mod and go.sum with Go
Resolve conflicts in go.mod and source imports first. go.sum records module checksums; it is not a conventional lockfile like those used by some other package managers. Go’s Modules Wiki describes go.mod as carrying requirements for reproducible module selection.
Then run go mod tidy. The Go Modules Reference says it adds missing module requirements needed for packages and their dependencies, removes requirements that provide no relevant packages, adds missing go.sum entries and removes unnecessary ones. Review both files afterward; do not assume that union-merging checksum lines is a reliable general repair.
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- Run
git diff --checkto catch whitespace errors and leftover conflict markers. - Inspect the manifest and generated-file diffs, such as
git diff -- package.json package-lock.json, or the corresponding files for Yarn, Poetry or Go. Check for unexpected dependency additions, removals and version changes. - Run the project’s build, tests and CI-equivalent checks. Use the package manager’s frozen or strict install mode where the project supports it, so validation does not silently update dependency metadata.
- After the resolution is reviewed and validated, stage and commit the intended files.
Diff review and tests are practical safeguards, not a guarantee that a package manager can determine the correct human intent. The repository’s own version pins and build checks should guide the final validation.
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