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On an Ubuntu Redis installation managed by systemd, start with the journal rather than guessing a file path. Find the service unit, then query it:
systemctl list-units --type=service | grep -E 'redis|redis-server'
sudo journalctl -u redis-server.service -n 100 --no-pager
sudo journalctl -u redis-server.service -b
sudo journalctl -fu redis-server.serviceIf the unit is named redis.service, replace redis-server.service in each command. A traditional file such as /var/log/redis/redis-server.log exists only when Redis is configured to write there; the active logfile setting in /etc/redis/redis.conf is authoritative.
Find the exact Redis service unit first
Ubuntu installations do not all expose Redis under the same systemd unit name. The two names you are most likely to encounter are redis-server.service and redis.service. Querying the wrong name produces an empty result or an error even when Redis is running, so identify the unit before investigating its logs.
List Redis-related units
systemctl list-units --type=service | grep -E 'redis|redis-server'This lists loaded service units whose names contain redis or redis-server. The output gives you the exact name to pass to journalctl and systemctl. If the command shows redis-server.service, use that complete unit name. If it shows redis.service, use the latter instead.
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Check status and recent service activity
sudo systemctl status redis-server.serviceReplace the unit name when necessary. The status view confirms whether the service is active, shows recent messages, and can expose a failed start, an invalid configuration, or a process that exited immediately. It also helps distinguish a logging problem from a Redis process problem: a stopped service may have no new records to display.
Read Redis logs from journald with journalctl
For a systemd-managed Ubuntu service, journald is the first logging destination to check. journalctl is the systemd utility for querying the journal, and the -u option filters entries by service unit.
Show the latest records
sudo journalctl -u redis-server.service -n 100 --no-pager-n 100 limits the output to the latest 100 records, while --no-pager prints them directly instead of opening an interactive pager. Increase or decrease the number when you need a wider or narrower window. Use the unit name confirmed in the previous section.
Show entries from the current boot
sudo journalctl -u redis-server.service -bThe -b filter restricts results to the current boot. This is useful when older records are unavailable or when you are diagnosing a failure that happened during the latest startup. It also prevents an earlier boot’s messages from obscuring the sequence you are trying to understand.
Limit the search to a time range
sudo journalctl -u redis-server.service --since '1 hour ago'Use a relative time such as 1 hour ago to focus on a recent incident. A narrower window makes repeated restart attempts, configuration changes, and connection-related messages easier to correlate with what you were doing on the host.
Follow new records in real time
sudo journalctl -fu redis-server.serviceThe combined -f and -u options follow the selected unit and print new records as they arrive. Leave this command running in one terminal while starting Redis, reproducing a client error, or changing a configuration in another. Press Ctrl+C to stop following the stream.
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Check whether Redis is configured to write a log file
The Ubuntu redis-server package installs a configuration file at /etc/redis/redis.conf, a systemd unit, and a logrotate configuration at /etc/logrotate.d/redis-server. The package layout alone does not prove that a particular log file is being written. Redis’s active logging directives determine the destination.
Inspect the logging directives
sudo grep -E '^(logfile|syslog-enabled|daemonize)' /etc/redis/redis.confPay particular attention to logfile. When file logging is configured, that directive supplies the destination path. The syslog-enabled and daemonize settings provide additional context about how the process is launched and where output may be directed, but they do not justify assuming a fixed path without checking the configuration.
Inspect the usual Ubuntu log directory
sudo ls -la /var/log/redis
sudo tail -n 100 /var/log/redis/redis-server.logThe first command shows whether the directory exists, which files are present, and their ownership and permissions. The second displays the last 100 lines of the conventional package log file when that file exists. If the file is absent, the command reports that it cannot open it; that result is a clue to investigate the configured destination rather than a reason to create an arbitrary empty file.
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- Redis is writing to journald. A systemd service can send its output to the journal instead of a file, so
journalctl -ucontains the records even when/var/log/redis/redis-server.logdoes not exist. - The configured path is different. Read the actual
logfilevalue in/etc/redis/redis.conf; a custom path may be outside/var/log/redis. - Redis has not produced file output yet. A newly installed or newly started service may not have created a file if no message has been written to that destination.
- You are checking the wrong installation. A manually installed Redis, a container, or Redis Software can use a different configuration and directory layout than the Ubuntu Open Source package.
- Permissions or directory ownership prevent access. Use
sudofor inspection and check the directory listing before treating an inaccessible file as nonexistent.
Do not solve a missing file by changing logging settings blindly. First establish which unit is running, which configuration it loads, and whether the process is intended to log to a file at all.
Use the running unit to discover its real startup configuration
When the expected path and unit name do not explain the behavior, inspect the service definition itself.
Display the complete systemd unit
sudo systemctl cat redis-server.serviceSubstitute redis.service when that is the unit you found. Look for the ExecStart line and any referenced configuration file. This verifies which Redis binary and configuration the service actually starts; it prevents you from troubleshooting /etc/redis/redis.conf while the unit is using another file.
Repeat the inspection for an alternate unit name
sudo systemctl cat redis.serviceRun this only when the alternate unit exists or when the first unit name produced no useful result. Redis’s Linux installation documentation allows either redis or redis-server as the service name, so unit-name confirmation is a required diagnostic step, not an optional variation.
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Check whether the unit is producing output
sudo systemctl status redis-server.service
sudo journalctl -u redis-server.service -bA failed unit can still have valuable startup errors in the journal. A healthy but idle unit may have very few messages. Compare the service state with the time range you requested before concluding that logging is broken.
A practical workflow when Redis logs appear to be missing
Follow these steps in order. Each step narrows the possible cause without changing the service configuration.
- Identify the unit. Run
systemctl list-units --type=service | grep -E 'redis|redis-server'and record the exact service name. - Check service state. Run
sudo systemctl status <redis-unit>. Replace the placeholder with the unit you found, such asredis-server.service. - Read the current boot’s entries. Run
sudo journalctl -u <redis-unit> -b. This is the fastest way to find startup failures and recent restarts. - Constrain the time window. Run
sudo journalctl -u <redis-unit> --since '1 hour ago'when the full boot history is too large. - Follow a live reproduction. Run
sudo journalctl -fu <redis-unit>, then reproduce the event that should create a message. - Inspect Redis’s logging configuration. Run
sudo grep -E '^(logfile|syslog-enabled|daemonize)' /etc/redis/redis.confand note the configuredlogfilevalue. - Inspect the directory and expected file. Run
sudo ls -la /var/log/redisand, when present,sudo tail -n 100 /var/log/redis/redis-server.log. - Inspect the unit definition. Run
sudo systemctl cat <redis-unit>to verify the actualExecStartcommand and configuration path. - Try the alternate service name. If
redis-server.servicehas no records, repeat the journal commands withredis.service, and vice versa. - Check journal retention. If recent records exist but older entries do not, inspect journald storage and retention as described below.
This sequence separates four different situations that are often confused: a stopped Redis process, a query against the wrong unit, file logging configured somewhere else, and journal history that was never retained.
Understand journald persistence and missing older history
Systemd-journald can store data persistently below /var/log/journal or temporarily below /run/log/journal. Data kept only in the runtime location is volatile and is lost at reboot. Therefore, a missing record from yesterday may reflect journal storage policy rather than a Redis failure.
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Check journal size and storage directories
journalctl --disk-usage
sudo ls -ld /var/log/journal /run/log/journaljournalctl --disk-usage reports how much space the journal is using. The directory listing shows whether persistent and runtime journal locations exist. A host with only runtime storage should not be expected to retain Redis entries across a reboot.
Check journald configuration
sudo grep -E '^(Storage|SystemMaxUse|RuntimeMaxUse)=' /etc/systemd/journald.confStorage controls the persistence mode when explicitly configured. SystemMaxUse and RuntimeMaxUse limit how much disk space persistent and runtime journals may consume. Retention is also affected by available space and journal maintenance, so an older Redis event can disappear even when current logging works.
Interpret the result correctly
- If current-boot entries are present but pre-reboot entries are absent, volatile storage is a strong possibility.
- If both
/var/log/journaland/run/log/journalare present, the configuredStoragevalue and the journal’s actual usage still determine what is retained. - If the journal is near its configured limit, older entries may have been removed to make room for newer records.
- If no entries appear for a running service, return to unit-name and service-definition checks before changing journald settings.
Compare the logging destinations you may encounter
| Setup | Primary destination | Persistence or rotation behavior | What to inspect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu Open Source Redis using systemd journal | systemd journal, queried with journalctl -u |
Persistent storage is under /var/log/journal when configured; runtime-only storage under /run/log/journal is lost at reboot |
The exact unit name, journald storage directories, and /etc/systemd/journald.conf |
| Ubuntu Open Source Redis with file logging | The path set by logfile in /etc/redis/redis.conf |
The package includes /etc/logrotate.d/redis-server for log rotation |
The active logfile value, directory permissions, and files under /var/log/redis |
| Redis Software | /var/opt/redislabs/log/; configuration actions are recorded in event_log.log |
Uses the Redis Software installation’s own logging layout rather than the Ubuntu redis-server package layout |
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The third row is a product distinction, not an alternative path for an ordinary Ubuntu redis-server installation. Do not search /var/opt/redislabs/log/ unless there is evidence that Redis Software is what your host runs.
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Follow file-based output when a logfile is configured
If the logfile directive points to a file, inspect that exact path rather than relying on the conventional filename. For the package’s usual directory, start with:
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sudo tail -n 100 /var/log/redis/redis-server.logFor a custom destination, substitute the path shown by the configuration. Confirm that the parent directory exists and that the Redis process can write there. A file may also be rotated, renamed, or compressed according to the package’s /etc/logrotate.d/redis-server policy, so the newest active file is not necessarily the only file in the directory.
When the file is empty but journald contains records, the service may be sending output to the journal instead of the file you inspected. When both are empty, check whether Redis has started successfully and whether the unit’s ExecStart references the configuration file you examined.
Common mistakes and their fixes
Using a guessed unit name
Symptom: journalctl -u redis-server.service returns no useful records, but Redis appears to be installed.
Fix: Run the unit-list command and repeat the query with the exact name, including the .service suffix when shown.
Assuming the conventional file must exist
Symptom: /var/log/redis/redis-server.log is missing.
Fix: Read logfile in /etc/redis/redis.conf, query the journal, and inspect the unit’s ExecStart. The missing file can be normal when output is journaled or when another path is configured.
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Searching only the current boot for an older incident
Symptom: Current records are visible, but a message from a previous reboot cannot be found.
Fix: Check /var/log/journal, /run/log/journal, and the Storage, SystemMaxUse, and RuntimeMaxUse settings. Runtime-only storage cannot provide records from a completed boot.
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Applying Redis Software paths to the Ubuntu package
Symptom: You search /var/opt/redislabs/log/ on a host that uses the Ubuntu redis-server package.
Fix: Return to the package’s systemd unit, /etc/redis/redis.conf, and journald or configured file destination. The Redis Software path belongs to a separate product.
Reading logs without sufficient permissions
Symptom: The directory or journal appears empty or inaccessible to an unprivileged shell.
Fix: Repeat service, journal, and file inspection commands with sudo. Do not broaden permissions or alter ownership until you know which account and destination the running service uses.
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| Purpose | Command |
|---|---|
| Find the unit | systemctl list-units --type=service | grep -E 'redis|redis-server' |
| Check status | sudo systemctl status redis-server.service |
| Show the latest 100 journal records | sudo journalctl -u redis-server.service -n 100 --no-pager |
| Show current-boot records | sudo journalctl -u redis-server.service -b |
| Show the last hour | sudo journalctl -u redis-server.service --since '1 hour ago' |
| Follow new records | sudo journalctl -fu redis-server.service |
| Inspect Redis logging directives | sudo grep -E '^(logfile|syslog-enabled|daemonize)' /etc/redis/redis.conf |
| Inspect the conventional directory | sudo ls -la /var/log/redis |
| Read the conventional file | sudo tail -n 100 /var/log/redis/redis-server.log |
| Inspect the active unit definition | sudo systemctl cat redis-server.service |
| Check journal disk usage | journalctl --disk-usage |
| Check journal locations | sudo ls -ld /var/log/journal /run/log/journal |
| Check journald limits | sudo grep -E '^(Storage|SystemMaxUse|RuntimeMaxUse)=' /etc/systemd/journald.conf |
Replace redis-server.service in the reference with redis.service whenever that is the unit installed on your host.
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