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Parse the file with a JSONC-aware parser, check for errors, then serialize the parsed value with a standard JSON serializer. This removes comments and produces strict JSON without risking damage from a broad comment-removal regular expression.
What JSONC adds—and what conversion changes
JSONC is JSON extended with JavaScript-style comments: single-line // comments and block /* ... */ comments may appear where whitespace is allowed. Strict JSON does not allow comments, so a strict JSON parser may reject a JSONC file. The JSONC specification recommends the .jsonc extension and says comments must not affect consumption of the data. It describes comments as context alongside data, not as part of the data value.
For example, a JSONC file can explain a setting beside it:
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// Address used by the service
"host": "localhost",
"port": 8080 /* local development */
}After parsing and serializing, the result is ordinary JSON:
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{
"host": "localhost",
"port": 8080
}The setting values remain; the comments do not. Parsing and serializing therefore preserves the data values, not explanatory comments or the source file’s original formatting. Keep the JSONC source if readers still need its comments, or store explanations separately. If a receiving system requires strict JSON, comments cannot remain in the converted output because they are not valid JSON syntax.
Trailing commas are a separate compatibility issue: the JSONC specification does not require every implementation to accept them. Some JSONC tools accept trailing commas only when an option is enabled. Decide whether the converter should allow them rather than assuming all JSONC tools behave alike. A file can contain valid comments yet still fail if its trailing-comma style is outside the parser’s configured dialect.
The reliable conversion pattern
A dependable conversion has three distinct stages: parse using the syntax the input is intended to use, inspect diagnostics, and serialize the resulting value with a standard JSON serializer. Each stage addresses a different problem. The JSONC parser understands comments and any deliberately enabled extension, the error check prevents a partial parse from silently becoming output, and serialization writes syntax intended for strict JSON consumers.
- Read the source file as text. Keep the original JSONC file separate from the output file so the conversion does not overwrite the commented source.
- Parse with a JSONC-aware implementation. Configure the parser to match whether trailing commas are accepted in the input.
- Stop on reported parse errors. Do not treat the presence of a returned value as proof that the complete file was valid. A fault-tolerant parser may provide a partial structure even when it also reports errors.
- Serialize the parsed value as JSON. Use a standard serializer instead of manually deleting syntax from the input.
- Optionally validate the output. Parse the serialized file with a strict JSON parser or run the receiving application’s own validation step.
This is different from merely removing comment text. A comment stripper focuses on comments; it does not necessarily check the rest of the syntax or remove a trailing comma. Parse-and-reserialize is the clearer choice when the goal is valid JSON and preserving the source layout is not required.
Convert a JSONC file in Node.js
Microsoft’s jsonc-parser provides a parser for JSON with comments. Its documentation says to inspect the parser’s error list; a returned value alone is not proof that the input was valid. The following pattern opts into trailing commas, then writes readable JSON with a final newline:
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import fs from 'node:fs';
import { parse } from 'jsonc-parser';
const input = fs.readFileSync('config.jsonc', 'utf8');
const errors = [];
const value = parse(input, errors, { allowTrailingComma: true });
if (errors.length > 0) {
throw new Error(`Invalid JSONC: ${JSON.stringify(errors)}`);
}
fs.writeFileSync('config.json', JSON.stringify(value, null, 2) + 'n');- Make the parser available. Add
jsonc-parserto the Node.js project that will run the conversion. Follow the package’s current documentation for setup and the API version used by the project. - Read the source as text. The example reads
config.jsoncas UTF-8. It does not try to interpret the file with JavaScript evaluation. - Parse and check diagnostics. Pass an error array to
parseand stop if it contains errors. This matters because a fault-tolerant parser can return a partial structure after encountering invalid input. If the error list is nonempty, do not write that value as if it represented the whole file. - Choose trailing-comma behavior. The example sets
allowTrailingComma: true. Omit the option or set it tofalsewhen trailing commas should be rejected. The reference parser’s documented default is false; see the Microsoft parser README. Making the choice explicit documents the intended input rules instead of relying on a default. - Serialize the parsed value.
JSON.stringify(value, null, 2)writes indented JSON, and the appended newline makes the output file end with a line break. The serializer produces JSON syntax from the parsed value; comments and the source’s exact spacing are not carried across. - Validate where the output will be used. If the receiving application has its own validation step, run it on
config.json; alternatively, parse the serialized output with a strict JSON parser. This is an additional check of the artifact the next tool will consume.
The exact function signatures should be checked against the installed package version. This example is an implementation pattern, not a claim that it has been executed or tested. The important safeguards are to use the JSONC parser, inspect its errors, make the trailing-comma decision intentionally, and only then write output.
What to change when trailing commas should be rejected
If your input policy permits comments but forbids trailing commas, configure allowTrailingComma as false or omit the option, matching the reference parser’s documented default. Then a trailing comma is not silently accepted under a more permissive setting. If the file fails, inspect and correct the JSONC source rather than loosening the parser merely to produce output. If your files intentionally include trailing commas, the example opts in so that the parser can read that dialect before serializing it as JSON.
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The parser’s error list is a validity signal. Some parsers try to recover from malformed input, which can be useful in editing tools but risky in a conversion job. If a converter writes a partial value after a parse error, the output may omit content and still look like a well-formed JSON document. Throwing or otherwise stopping before the write keeps that failed conversion from being mistaken for a successful one. A conversion should produce output only after the input has passed the parser’s checks.
Convert JSONC in Go
The tidwall/jsonc package documents a jsonc.ToJSON conversion function for turning JSONC text into JSON. Use that conversion in the Go workflow, then validate the result with the application’s normal JSON decoder. Check the package’s current documentation for its API and behavior before wiring it into a project.
The same overall sequence applies: provide the source text to the JSONC conversion function, handle any failure according to the package API, and validate the resulting JSON through the decoder or application path that will consume it. The package documentation demonstrates conversion before use with Go’s standard JSON library. Because the exact API and behavior can depend on the package version, consult its current documentation rather than assuming a function signature or error-handling form not shown here.
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Choose the right conversion method
| Approach | Useful when | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|
Parse with Microsoft jsonc-parser, then serialize |
You want JSONC parsing and diagnostics in a Node.js workflow | Check the error list and set trailing-comma behavior intentionally. |
Use tidwall/jsonc and ToJSON |
You are converting within a Go workflow | Check the current package documentation and validate the result in the application’s decoder. |
| Strip comments | You need to retain much of the source text or formatting | Removing comments alone does not handle trailing commas or validate malformed syntax. |
| Use a JSON5 parser | The input is intentionally JSON5 | JSON5 permits syntax beyond JSONC; it is not a drop-in synonym. See the JSON5 specification. |
The best method depends on four practical questions:
- Which language or runtime already owns the task? Use a parser that fits the project: the documented Microsoft parser for a Node.js workflow, or the tidwall package for a Go workflow.
- Which syntax does the file actually use? Check especially for trailing commas. JSONC implementations do not all share the same settings, and a JSON5 file may contain syntax beyond JSONC.
- Do you need diagnostics? The
jsonc-parserworkflow exposes errors to check before output. A conversion tool should not treat a returned value alone as proof of validity. - Must comments or formatting survive? Parse-and-reserialize preserves data values, not comments or original formatting. If those matter, retain the original JSONC and choose a different workflow deliberately; do not mistake comment deletion for a full validation step.
For most conversions where the output must be strict JSON, parsing and serializing is preferable to a text-only replacement. It gives the converter a structured value and ensures the output is emitted by a JSON serializer. Comment stripping has a narrower role when retaining much of the source text matters, but it requires separate handling of any other syntax and validation.
Avoid common conversion failures
Do not feed JSONC straight to a strict JSON parser
Comments are outside strict JSON syntax. A strict parser may therefore reject a JSONC source file before it can reach the values you want. Use a JSONC parser first, then pass its serialized output to strict JSON consumers. The strict parser belongs at the output-validation stage, not as a substitute for a JSONC parser on the original input.
Do not remove comment markers with a broad regular expression
The characters // and /* can occur inside quoted strings. A broad replacement cannot reliably tell whether those characters begin a comment or are literal string content, so it can alter actual data. A syntax-aware parser or scanner can distinguish comment syntax from string content. The JSONC syntax rules and the purpose of Microsoft’s scanner/parser support using a parser rather than a broad regular expression.
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For example, a string value may contain a URL-like sequence with //. Removing everything from that marker to the end of the line would change the string rather than remove a comment. Likewise, comment-like characters inside quoted text are data. Let the parser identify comments in context instead of treating every matching character sequence as syntax.
Do not assume every parser accepts trailing commas
Trailing-comma support varies. The reference jsonc-parser default is to disallow them, so explicitly enable the option only when the source dialect requires it. If the input is expected to reject trailing commas, leave the option disabled. This matters when moving a file between editors, scripts, libraries, or receiving applications: one tool’s permissive setting does not establish a universal JSONC rule.
Do not treat comment stripping as validation
Stripping comments can be useful when preserving much of the original text matters, but it does not necessarily produce valid JSON. A trailing comma or another syntax error may remain. Parse, inspect errors, and serialize when you need dependable strict JSON output. If you do use comment stripping for a special formatting-preservation need, follow it with a real validation step rather than assuming the result is ready to consume.
Do not substitute JSON5 without checking the input dialect
JSON5 includes comments and trailing commas but supports other syntax extensions too. A JSON5 parser is appropriate when the file is actually intended to follow JSON5, not merely because it also recognizes comments. Choosing a broader parser can accept syntax that the intended JSONC policy would reject. Check the file’s intended dialect and the parser’s accepted syntax before selecting a tool.
Do not expect comments to appear in the output
Comments are ignored while parsing and do not form part of the JSON value representation. A normal parse-and-serialize conversion therefore drops them along with source formatting choices. If the comments explain how humans should edit the configuration, preserve the commented source as a maintained file and generate strict JSON as a separate artifact, or move the explanation into documentation or explicit data fields where appropriate. Do not expect the strict JSON output to retain comment annotations.
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Conversion checklist
- Confirm that the source is intended to be JSONC, rather than JSON5 or another format.
- Identify whether it contains trailing commas and choose parser settings accordingly.
- Read the file as text and parse it with a JSONC-aware tool.
- Check diagnostics and stop on errors before writing a destination file.
- Serialize the parsed value with a standard JSON serializer.
- Keep the original JSONC separately if its comments or original formatting are useful to readers.
- Optionally validate the result with a strict JSON parser or the destination application’s own validation step.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the safest way to convert JSONC to JSON?
Parse the source with a JSONC-aware parser, inspect its errors, then serialize the parsed value with a standard JSON serializer. Validate the resulting file with a strict JSON parser or the receiving application when needed.
Does converting JSONC to JSON preserve comments?
No. Comments are not part of the JSON value representation, so parsing and serializing preserves data values but drops comments and the source’s original formatting. Keep the JSONC source or store explanations separately if readers still need them.
Do JSONC files always allow trailing commas?
No. The JSONC specification does not require every implementation to accept trailing commas. Microsoft’s reference jsonc-parser disallows them by default, so configure the parser intentionally for the syntax your files use.
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A broad regular expression is risky because comment-like sequences such as // and /* can occur inside quoted strings. Prefer a syntax-aware parser or scanner. Comment stripping by itself also does not validate the remaining syntax or handle trailing commas.
Is JSONC the same as JSON5?
No. JSON5 includes comments and trailing commas but supports additional syntax extensions. Use a JSON5 parser only when the input is intended to be JSON5, not simply because the file contains comments.
Which Node.js package can parse JSONC?
Microsoft’s jsonc-parser is a documented option. Its parser exposes an error list that should be checked, and its allowTrailingComma setting should match the input dialect.
How can I convert JSONC in Go?
The tidwall/jsonc package documents a ToJSON conversion function. Consult the package’s current documentation for its API, then validate the converted result with the application’s normal JSON decoder.
The Bottom Line
For strict JSON output, use a JSONC-aware parser, check its diagnostics, and serialize the parsed value with a standard JSON serializer. Choose trailing-comma behavior explicitly, keep the JSONC source if its comments matter, and validate the output with the consumer that will use it.
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