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To connect to a WordPress site in FileZilla, obtain the hostname, protocol, port, username, and authentication method from your hosting provider. In FileZilla, open File → Site Manager → New Site, enter those values, choose SFTP – SSH File Transfer Protocol whenever it is available, and click Connect. Use FTPS if your host offers it but not SFTP; use plain FTP only when no encrypted option exists. After authentication, confirm the success message and open the remote directory that contains wp-admin, wp-content, and wp-includes.
What you need before opening FileZilla
FileZilla cannot discover your WordPress login automatically. The required connection details belong to your hosting account, not to the WordPress administrator account unless your host explicitly says otherwise. Create an FTP, FTPS, or SFTP user in the hosting control panel, or ask support for the account that already has access to the site.
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- Hostname: the server name or IP address supplied by the host. Enter it exactly as provided and do not add a trailing slash.
- Protocol: SFTP, FTPS (FTP over TLS), or FTP.
- Port: the host’s port. SFTP commonly uses 22 and FTP or explicit FTPS commonly uses 21, but a custom port always overrides those defaults.
- Username: the complete FTP or SFTP account name, including any required prefix, domain, or panel identifier.
- Password or key: a case-sensitive password, or an SSH private key when the SFTP account uses key authentication.
A WordPress.com login, site URL, database password, or hosting-panel password may not work. Use the credentials created for file transfer unless the provider documents that the accounts are shared.
Choose SFTP, FTPS, or FTP
The protocol determines how FileZilla authenticates and protects data while it travels between your computer and the server.
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| Method | Encryption | Typical port | Authentication | When to use it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) | Encrypted through SSH | 22, unless the host specifies another | Password or SSH private key | Preferred whenever the hosting account supports it |
| FTPS (FTP over TLS) | Encrypted with TLS | 21 for explicit FTPS in many setups; the provider may require a different port | Usually a username and password | Use when SFTP is unavailable but the host offers FTP over TLS |
| Plain FTP | None; files and credentials travel in clear text | 21 in a standard setup | Usually a username and password | Last resort only when the host provides no encrypted alternative |
WordPress.org advises, “Whenever possible, use SFTP or FTPS instead of plain FTP so your connection is encrypted.” Plain FTP exposes both the password and transferred files to interception on an untrusted network.
Set up the site in FileZilla Site Manager
Site Manager keeps the host and protocol settings together, so you do not have to re-enter them for every session. Do not save credentials on a public or shared computer.
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1. Open a new site entry
- Launch FileZilla.
- Choose File → Site Manager.
- Click New Site and give the entry a recognizable name, such as the domain and environment (for example, “Example production”).
2. Enter the host and protocol
- In the General tab, enter the hostname exactly as the provider supplied it. Do not type
https://, a path, or a trailing slash unless the host specifically requires one. - Open the Protocol menu and choose SFTP – SSH File Transfer Protocol for an SFTP account.
- For an encrypted FTP account, choose FTP – File Transfer Protocol, then set Encryption to Require explicit FTP over TLS (the wording can vary slightly by FileZilla version).
- Choose plain FTP only if the provider has confirmed that no SFTP or FTPS service is available.
- Type the supplied port. Leave the standard value only when it matches the provider’s instructions: usually 22 for SFTP or 21 for FTP/explicit FTPS.
3. Select the logon type
Use Normal for a username-and-password account. For SFTP key authentication, select the key-based option offered by your FileZilla version, enter the username, and browse to the private-key file. The host may require a converted key format or a passphrase; ask support for the exact requirement instead of guessing.
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4. Enter credentials and connect
- Enter the full username. Capitalization, prefixes, and punctuation matter.
- Enter the password if the account uses one. Passwords are case-sensitive; do not include spaces copied from an email.
- Click Connect, or click OK to save the entry and connect later.
- Read the message log at the top of the FileZilla window. A successful session normally shows authentication followed by a directory-listing result.
On the first SFTP connection, FileZilla may display the server’s host key and ask whether to trust it. Confirm it only after checking the fingerprint with your hosting provider, especially on a production account.
Recognize the WordPress installation directory
FileZilla displays your computer on the left and the server on the right. The remote panel may open in the account’s home directory rather than directly in the WordPress document root. Open folders until you find the directory containing the WordPress core folders.
Folders and files that identify the site
wp-admincontains the WordPress administration code.wp-contentcontains plugins, themes, and uploads.wp-includescontains WordPress core libraries.wp-config.phpis normally in the installation root and contains database connection information..htaccessmay be hidden and will not appear until hidden-file display is enabled.
Common document-root names include public_html, www, htdocs, or a domain-specific folder, but hosts can use different layouts. A staging copy may sit beside the production site, so confirm the domain or environment before transferring anything.
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Use the remote directory as your access check
After locating the WordPress folders, click a small, noncritical directory and watch the status log for a successful listing. If the tree expands and files show sizes and dates, authentication and directory access are working. Do not assume that a login failure is fixed merely because FileZilla opens a local folder.
Transfer WordPress files safely
FileZilla can upload, download, rename, replace, and delete files. Those actions change the live site immediately when you are connected to production.
Back up before changing anything
WordPress recommends a current backup of both the site files and the database before uploading, replacing, or deleting files. A file-only copy cannot restore database content such as posts, settings, and users. Confirm where the backup is stored and that it can actually be restored before starting a risky operation.
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Confirm the destination every time
- Check the domain and environment in the remote path before dragging files.
- Keep the local and remote panels visible so a directory is not dropped into the wrong parent folder.
- Upload a replacement into the intended directory and wait for the transfer queue to finish.
- Review the failed-transfer tab after a batch; a green-looking queue does not guarantee that every item completed.
Treat configuration files as secrets
Do not casually download, edit, or expose wp-config.php. It normally contains database host, name, username, and password values. If you must edit it, keep the local copy protected, change only the required lines, and upload it back to the correct installation root after a verified backup.
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Use the exact wording in FileZilla’s message log to choose the fix. Change one setting at a time so you know which correction solved the problem.
No connection attempt appears
Recheck the hostname, protocol, and port in Site Manager. A single incorrect character, an accidental https:// prefix, or a port copied from a different service can prevent FileZilla from reaching the server. Confirm that the host has activated the account and that your network or firewall is not blocking the specified port.
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“Incorrect login” or “user does not exist”
Compare the username and password with the host-issued values character by character. Check capitalization, required prefixes, and whether the account is an FTP user rather than a control-panel user. Reset the transfer password in the hosting panel if necessary, then update the Site Manager entry. For SFTP, verify that you selected SFTP rather than FTP and that the account is permitted to use SSH.
SFTP authentication fails
Ask the provider whether this account accepts passwords, an SSH private key, or both. Confirm the custom SFTP port and the exact username. If a key is required, select the correct private-key file and supply its passphrase. An FTP password will not authenticate an SFTP account unless the host configured it that way.
“Could not retrieve directory listing”
For FTP or FTPS, open the Site Manager entry, select Transfer Settings, and try Passive mode. Passive mode lets the server provide a data connection that is often compatible with routers and firewalls. If the listing still fails, ask the host for the required passive port range and check whether a security device is blocking it. Do not switch to unencrypted FTP merely to bypass a listing error.
Login succeeds but the panel is empty or incomplete
The account may be jailed to a different home directory or lack permission to the document root. Ask the host which path contains the domain and whether the transfer user has read access. If only some files are absent, enable hidden-file display before concluding that they are missing.
Show hidden files such as .htaccess
In current FileZilla versions, use Server → Force show hidden files. Some versions expose the same command as View → Show hidden files. Refresh the remote listing afterward. Hidden files can affect rewrites and security, so do not delete or overwrite them without understanding their purpose.
WordPress asks for FTP credentials during an update
This generally means WordPress cannot write to the relevant files or directories with the web server’s current ownership and permissions. It is not proof that your FileZilla password is wrong. Ask the host to inspect ownership and access for the WordPress installation, and change permissions only when you understand the account and web-server requirements. Broad, casual permission changes can expose configuration files or create a larger security problem.
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Security checklist for every session
- Prefer SFTP, or explicit FTPS when SFTP is unavailable.
- Verify a first-connection SFTP host key with the provider before trusting it.
- Avoid saving passwords on shared, public, or managed computers.
- Use a separate transfer account with only the access needed for the site or staging area.
- Keep a current backup of files and the database before destructive operations.
- Confirm production versus staging before uploading, replacing, or deleting.
- Protect downloaded copies of
wp-config.phpand remove temporary copies when they are no longer needed. - Disconnect from the server when finished, particularly on a shared computer.
Quick verification checklist
- The host, protocol, port, username, and authentication method came from the hosting provider.
- Site Manager uses SFTP when supported, explicit FTPS otherwise, and the host’s custom port when one was supplied.
- The message log confirms authentication and a directory listing.
- The remote tree contains the intended WordPress installation, including
wp-admin,wp-content, andwp-includes. - Hidden files are visible when needed, and the correct production or staging path is confirmed.
- A backup of the site files and database exists before any upload, replacement, or deletion.
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