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Choose one Scaleway Milan availability zone when simplicity, product availability, or low operational overhead matters more than surviving a zonal outage. Choose two when your service-level objective requires the application to continue through the loss or maintenance of one isolated location—and your compute, traffic, and data layers can actually fail over. Milan is currently documented as a three-availability-zone region, but the right pair depends on product eligibility, measured latency, capacity, price, and the failover behavior of your specific services.
What the one-versus-two-zone decision really means
An availability zone (AZ) is an isolated location within a cloud region. Choosing two zones is therefore a decision about failure domains, not simply selecting a second value in a deployment form. A second zone only improves availability if traffic can reach healthy resources there, state can be recovered or replicated there, and your operating procedures can promote those resources when the first location is unavailable.
| Decision factor | One Milan AZ | Two Milan AZs |
|---|---|---|
| Failure tolerance | A zonal outage can interrupt the workload unless another recovery location is used. | Can continue through loss or maintenance of one zone when the application is designed and tested for that event. |
| Product eligibility | Works when the required product or instance type is offered in the selected zone. | Every required component must be available in both selected zones, or have a documented regional alternative. |
| State management | Often simpler because state remains in one failure domain. | Requires replication, backup/restore, or another failover method appropriate to the data service. |
| Latency | One placement target can simplify tuning for a particular user or dependency population. | May provide placement choices, but no official source establishes a universal latency winner among Milan zones. |
| Capacity and price | One zone is easier to check and may reduce the number of reservations or replicas, but a price advantage is not established universally. | Uses resources in more than one location and can require additional replicas; current stock and pricing must be checked at deployment time. |
| Operations | Fewer routing, health-check, replication, and incident procedures. | More moving parts, plus the need to test zone-loss behavior and maintain a runbook. |
Which Milan zones exist now?
Scaleway’s October 2026 Instances documentation says that opening MIL-2 and MIL-3 enables resilient workloads across multiple area zones. A contemporaneous Scaleway announcement says those two zones bring the Italian region total to three, and the current product-availability matrix labels Milan as a three-AZ region.
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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Fix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitches3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsThe launch announcement for the Italian region described three planned locations—Settimo Milanese, Basiglio, and Milan. That explains the intended physical separation, but it is not a substitute for current service documentation. Use the live zone list and the service-specific availability information when choosing names for a new deployment.
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There is a documentation inconsistency worth handling explicitly: an older Instance API page still lists only it-mil-1. Treat that page as stale or incomplete. Before automating, query the live service API and verify the zones returned for the exact product and instance type you intend to create.
Choose one AZ when the workload can tolerate concentration
Development, testing, and disposable environments
Development environments, test clusters, short-lived demonstrations, and batch jobs generally do not need a second failure domain. A single zone keeps Terraform or other deployment definitions, network paths, attached storage, and troubleshooting straightforward. If the environment disappears during a zonal event, recreate it from its definition rather than maintaining a continuously synchronized copy.
The required product is available in only one zone
Some Instance types are offered only in particular AZs, and other services can have zone-specific rollout differences. If the exact compute family, storage option, or supporting service is not available in both candidate zones, forcing a two-zone design can produce an architecture that cannot be deployed consistently. Confirm eligibility before committing to a topology.
Recovery is handled by backups or redeployment
A single-zone production design can be reasonable when the recovery objective allows an outage and you have a separate recovery method: tested backups, snapshots, infrastructure-as-code, or redeployment in another region. This is a recovery design, not zonal high availability; document the expected restoration time and the data point to which you can recover.
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Simplicity is the higher-value requirement
Two zones add routing rules, health checks, replica placement, promotion procedures, and more failure modes. If your service-level objective does not require continued service during a zonal event, the additional operational surface may create more risk than it removes.
Choose two AZs when a zonal failure must be invisible to users
The service-level objective requires zonal continuity
Use two zones when the loss or maintenance of one isolated location must not cause a user-visible outage. Define the event precisely: loss of compute in one zone, loss of its network path, or loss of a stateful service can have different consequences. Your design must address each dependency that would otherwise remain a single point of failure.
Stateless tiers can run in both zones
Place enough stateless compute in each selected zone to serve the required load when the other zone is unavailable. Ingress and health checks must stop sending traffic to failed resources and continue sending it to healthy resources. A configuration that merely creates instances in two zones but keeps all traffic, health checks, or capacity in one zone is not resilient.
The data layer has a defined failover behavior
Before choosing two zones, identify how each stateful component behaves: synchronous or asynchronous replication, managed-service promotion, restore from backup, or no automatic failover. Check the exact service documentation and test the resulting recovery time and data-loss exposure. Two compute locations do not protect a database that exists only in one location.
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Accept the extra work only if you can maintain a zone-loss runbook, monitor both zones, rotate credentials and backups in both paths, and periodically exercise failover. Resilience that has never been tested is an assumption rather than an operational property.
A practical selection sequence
- Inventory every dependency. List the required Instance families, block, file, and object storage, databases, Kubernetes services, VPC and other networking components, IP requirements, and compliance constraints. Include monitoring, backup, image, and deployment services that must be available during recovery.
- Check product eligibility first. Consult Scaleway’s product-availability matrix and the documentation for each service. The Instance creation guidance specifically warns that some instance types are available only in certain AZs. Eliminate any zone pair that cannot host the complete workload, not just its web tier.
- Map the failure domain to your SLO, RTO, and RPO. Decide whether one isolated location may be unavailable without user-visible failure. Record the restoration time objective and the maximum acceptable data loss. If a backup restore meets those objectives, one AZ may be sufficient; if not, design continuous service across two.
- Measure latency from real users and dependencies. Test from the populations that actually use the service and from the external systems it calls. Test both selected zones under representative network conditions. No official source publishes a universal MIL-1, MIL-2, or MIL-3 latency ranking, so a generic claim that one zone is “fastest” is not defensible.
- Check capacity and price at deployment time. Availability and offers change. Use the official matrix to understand service rollout, then use the console or API when you are ready to deploy to confirm current stock, quotas, and price. A zone that is eligible in documentation may still lack the capacity for your chosen size at that moment.
- Design state placement explicitly. Balance stateless tiers across the selected zones. For databases and persistent volumes, document replication, attachment, promotion, restore, and consistency behavior for the exact product. Regional durability does not automatically mean that a workload can fail over its live connections.
- Test the failure before declaring success. Exercise health-check removal, traffic rerouting, replica promotion, backup restore, alerting, and infrastructure redeployment. Record the observed RTO and RPO, then correct any component that still depends on the failed zone.
How Milan service availability affects the design
| Service or component | What the availability information says | What you still need to verify |
|---|---|---|
| Object Storage Standard Multi-AZ | The product matrix marks it available across the Milan region. Scaleway’s resilience guidance describes regional Object Storage data as being stored across multiple AZs. | Bucket, access-policy, application retry, and recovery behavior. Do not duplicate objects across compute zones merely to reproduce regional storage durability. |
| Block Storage 5k and 15k | The matrix lists both offerings in Milan’s three AZ columns. | Where a volume can be attached, how attachment changes during a failure, and whether your application can remount or restore it. Confirm behavior for the exact workload rather than assuming automatic cross-zone failover. |
| Virtual Instances | Availability is dependent on the product and zone; the required Instance type may not exist in every AZ. | The live zone list, stock, quotas, image compatibility, and the same size or family in both zones before creating a two-zone pool. |
| Managed PostgreSQL and MySQL | The matrix marks the managed database service as available across the Milan region. | The service’s own high-availability option, replica placement, promotion process, connection behavior, backup guarantees, and expected failure time. |
| Kubernetes Kapsule, Kosmos, and VPC | The matrix marks these services as available across Milan. | Cluster node placement, control-plane behavior, ingress and routing configuration, IP dependencies, and how workloads are rescheduled when one zone is lost. |
“Available across Milan” describes regional service availability; it does not by itself configure a multi-zone cluster or database. Read the service-specific topology and failure documentation before treating a regional listing as an availability guarantee.
Patterns that work for one and two zones
Single-zone with tested recovery
Run the application and its state in one eligible AZ, store backups or snapshots according to the recovery objective, and keep the deployment reproducible. Keep a documented target zone or region for redeployment, but verify that the required Instance type and storage are actually available there when recovery is needed. This pattern minimizes day-to-day complexity while accepting a restoration event during a zonal failure.
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Two-zone stateless service
Run stateless application capacity in both selected zones behind an ingress or routing layer that performs health checks. Ensure each zone has enough capacity for the agreed degraded-mode load, or state clearly that the service will scale down during a failure. Keep sessions in a shared or recoverable store rather than on a single instance.
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Two-zone service with replicated state
Place stateful replicas according to the database or storage product’s documented semantics. Define which replica becomes authoritative, how clients discover the promoted endpoint, and what happens to in-flight writes. Validate consistency and data-loss expectations under both an orderly maintenance event and an abrupt loss of one zone.
Regional storage with zonal compute
Object Storage Standard Multi-AZ is a regional service, so applications can use it as a durable object store without creating one bucket copy per compute zone. Compute still needs its own placement and recovery design, and application credentials, routing, and retry logic must remain available when one compute location fails.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Latency, capacity, and cost: what can and cannot be generalized
Latency
Zone labels do not provide a universal answer for latency. User geography, ISP paths, peering, dependencies, and request direction all matter. Measure from representative users and from the systems your workload calls. If the workload has strict latency requirements, retain the measurements and the test conditions with the deployment decision.
Capacity
Capacity is a point-in-time property. A zone can support an instance family in the matrix yet have insufficient stock for the requested size during deployment. Check the console or API immediately before provisioning and maintain a fallback plan that uses an equivalent, eligible size or a second zone.
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Price
No official universal price ranking for Milan’s zones is established. Compare the current offer for the complete design—including replicas, storage, addresses, traffic, and managed-service options—rather than comparing the price of one instance. Recheck prices when the architecture or deployment date changes.
Handling the it-mil-1 documentation conflict
Do not hard-code the assumption that it-mil-1 is Milan’s only zone. Newer October 2026 documentation and the current availability matrix describe three Milan AZs, while an older Instance API page shows only that one identifier. For scripts and infrastructure modules:
- Query the live API or service discovery endpoint during validation.
- Confirm that the returned identifiers are accepted by the specific service, not only by the general Instance API.
- Fail early with a clear error if a required instance type is absent from either selected zone.
- Keep zone identifiers configurable so a documentation or service rollout does not require a code rewrite.
- Record the date and API response used for a production deployment.
Failure testing checklist
- Remove one zone’s instances from service through the same health-check path used in an incident.
- Verify that ingress and routing stop sending new requests to unhealthy resources.
- Confirm that the remaining zone has the intended capacity and that autoscaling or manual scaling can obtain it.
- Promote or restore the stateful service using the documented procedure, then verify application connections and write behavior.
- Restore a backup into the planned recovery location and measure the actual RTO and RPO.
- Check monitoring, alerts, logs, credentials, IP dependencies, and deployment tooling while one zone is unavailable.
- Return the recovered zone to service and verify that replicas, traffic distribution, and data consistency are restored.
Common workload decisions
Personal project or internal test service
Start with one eligible AZ, automated backups, and reproducible deployment. Move to two only when an outage objective justifies the added operations.
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Public API with a strict uptime objective
Prefer two eligible zones for stateless capacity, then design the database and ingress failover separately. Do not count two web-server locations as high availability if the database, routing layer, or credentials remain single-zone.
Batch processing and asynchronous jobs
One zone is often adequate when jobs are retryable and checkpoints or inputs are stored durably. Two zones can reduce interruption time, but only if the scheduler and worker state can resume safely after a zone loss.
Data-heavy application
Decide from the storage and database semantics first. Block Storage’s presence in all three Milan AZ columns does not, by itself, define attachment failover or replication. Select the topology only after those behaviors meet the workload’s RPO and RTO.
Quick Recap
Final decision checklist
- Milan is currently documented as a three-AZ Scaleway region.
- The exact products, Instance type, and storage options are eligible in the zone or pair you selected.
- Your SLO, RTO, and RPO clearly require—or do not require—continued service during a zonal outage.
- Latency was measured from actual users and dependencies rather than inferred from zone names.
- Current capacity, quotas, and complete-design pricing were checked at deployment time.
- Stateless traffic, state replication or restore, and operational runbooks cover loss of either selected zone.
- The live API was checked instead of relying on the older page that lists only
it-mil-1. - A failure exercise produced acceptable recovery results before the architecture was labeled resilient.
Product prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on Amazon at the time of purchase will apply.
