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To check whether software is affected by a CISA Known Exploited Vulnerability (KEV), first build an inventory of the software actually installed, then search the CISA KEV Catalog by vendor, product, and CVE. Treat a catalog match as a high-priority investigation, not automatic proof that every installation is vulnerable. Confirm the exact version, configuration, prerequisites, and fix status in the vendor’s security advisory. For bundled or transitive components, use an SBOM and the supplier’s VEX statement when available. Apply the vendor’s remediation or mitigation, or discontinue use when neither exists, and record what happened for each affected asset.
CISA describes the KEV Catalog as the authoritative source for vulnerabilities exploited in the wild and says organizations should use it as an input to their vulnerability-management prioritization framework. The catalog is therefore a way to prioritize known exploitation risk, not a complete inventory of every software vulnerability or a certificate that software absent from the catalog is safe.
What a CISA KEV entry tells you—and what it does not
The CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog lists vulnerabilities for which exploitation in the wild is known. That makes a matching CVE more urgent than an unprioritized vulnerability finding, particularly when the affected system is exposed or business-critical.
A KEV entry does not, by itself, answer whether a particular installation is affected. The same product name can cover multiple versions, editions, deployment modes, and configurations. A vulnerability may apply only to a component, a feature that is disabled in your deployment, or a version range that does not include the copy you run. Conversely, a product can be vulnerable even when no related CVE appears in KEV, because the catalog is focused on known exploitation rather than every disclosed defect.
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CISA’s own catalog guidance says organizations should use KEV as an input to vulnerability-management prioritization. Use it alongside an accurate asset inventory, vendor advisories, exposure information, and your organization’s remediation policy.
Start with an accurate software inventory
Searching before you know what is installed produces false matches and missed assets. Create or export a dated inventory before reviewing KEV. Each software instance should have enough detail to distinguish one installation from another.
Record these fields
- Vendor: the publisher name, including aliases that appear in your tools or procurement records.
- Exact product name: include the edition, server or desktop variant, appliance model, or other product qualifier.
- Installed version: capture the complete version and build where the software exposes one.
- Asset and location: identify the host, appliance, container, cloud workload, application environment, or other place where the software runs.
- Owner: identify the team or person responsible for the asset and its change window.
- Exposure and role: note whether the system is internet-facing, reachable from an untrusted network, business-critical, or part of a sensitive workflow.
- Inventory date: record when the version was observed. A dated, version-controlled listing makes later checks auditable.
Include appliances and software components, not just obvious end-user applications. A product can include a vulnerable library, service, or runtime that is not visible in a high-level application list. If you cannot determine a component version, record that uncertainty and identify the person or process that must resolve it.
Normalize names before searching
Use both the vendor’s official name and the aliases shown in your inventory, package manager, scanner, or deployment system. Product branding can differ between an installer, an operating-system package, and a vendor advisory. Normalizing names reduces the chance that a search appears clean simply because the local spelling differs from the catalog entry.
Search the CISA KEV Catalog
For a single product, use the catalog’s web view. Search by vendor and product, then check any known CVE identifiers associated with the software. Do not stop after a vendor-only search: a large vendor may have many unrelated products and vulnerabilities.
Use the catalog web view for a focused check
- Open the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog.
- Search for the vendor and exact product name, including reasonable aliases from your inventory.
- Search known CVE identifiers separately when your scanner, vendor notice, or SBOM has supplied one.
- Open each apparent match and read the catalog entry, including the linked vendor remediation or mitigation information.
- Record the CVE, catalog description, vendor link named by the entry, and the date you checked it.
A search result is a lead for verification. A shared vendor name, a similar product name, or a matching CVE family is not enough to declare a local installation affected.
Use CSV or JSON for a fleet
Repeated manual searches do not scale across a large inventory. CISA provides catalog downloads in CSV and JSON, along with a JSON Schema and print view. Import the CSV or JSON into the same process that holds your software inventory, then match on vendor, product, and CVE. Keep the downloaded file and its retrieval date with your assessment so another analyst can reproduce the result.
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Bulk matching still requires human verification. Automated matching can flag spelling variations, renamed products, bundled components, and version ranges, but it cannot reliably decide whether a feature is enabled or whether a vendor’s workaround applies to your configuration without advisory review.
Confirm the exact version and configuration in the vendor advisory
For every apparent KEV hit, open the vendor security advisory identified by the catalog entry. The advisory is the authority for product applicability and the available fix or workaround.
Verify applicability in this order
- Product identity: confirm that the advisory names the same product, edition, platform, or appliance model that appears in your inventory.
- Version range: compare the complete installed version and build with the advisory’s affected and fixed versions. Do not infer that all releases from a vendor are affected.
- Prerequisites: check whether exploitation requires a particular module, protocol, privilege, license, deployment mode, or feature.
- Configuration: determine whether the vulnerable function is enabled and reachable in your installation.
- Support status: establish whether your release is supported and whether the vendor supplies a patch for it.
- Remediation or mitigation: follow the vendor’s stated update, configuration change, workaround, or upgrade path.
Capture the vendor’s determination, not merely your initial search result. If the advisory says a product is affected only when a particular component or setting is present, record whether that condition exists on each asset. If the version is outside the affected range, document the comparison and retain the evidence rather than deleting the original alert.
Why a name-only match is unsafe
Software labels are often broader than the affected code. A vendor may publish an advisory for one branch while another branch is unaffected, or for a server component that is not installed in the desktop package. A product can also ship with a dependency whose CVE is listed in KEV while the supplier has disabled, patched, or isolated that dependency in the product build. The catalog’s vendor link and the advisory’s version and configuration statements resolve these distinctions.
Check bundled and transitive components with SBOM and VEX
When the KEV entry concerns a library, framework, operating-system package, or other component inside a larger product, identify the component and version before deciding that the complete product is affected.
Use an SBOM to identify what is present
A software bill of materials (SBOM) can list the components and versions that make up an application, appliance, or service. Compare the component named by the KEV entry with the SBOM for the exact product build and deployment. If the SBOM is unavailable or stale, ask the supplier for a current component list or a version-specific determination.
Use VEX to determine whether the component is exploitable in context
Vulnerability Exploitability eXchange (VEX) information communicates whether a supplier considers a component vulnerability affected, not affected, or otherwise addressed in its product. CISA’s 2024 SBOM consumption guidance emphasizes that not every vulnerable dependency means the consuming product is vulnerable. A component may be present but unreachable, compiled without the vulnerable code path, protected by a vendor change, or already fixed in the supplier’s build.
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Use the supplier’s VEX statement together with the SBOM, product advisory, and deployment configuration. Do not treat the mere presence of a component name in an SBOM as proof of exploitability, and do not treat a missing VEX statement as proof that the product is safe.
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Once the vendor confirms that an installed version and configuration are affected, prioritize the asset using four practical axes:
- Exact applicability: whether the installed product and version are within the vendor’s affected range.
- Exposure and business impact: whether the asset is exposed to untrusted networks, supports critical operations, or holds sensitive data.
- Available action: whether a tested vendor patch, upgrade, configuration mitigation, or workaround exists.
- Organizational deadline: the due date or priority required by your vulnerability-management policy, risk acceptance process, or incident-response plan.
The KEV listing supplies the exploitation-priority signal. Exposure, business criticality, and internal deadlines are operational decisions that your organization must apply to that signal.
Separate investigation from compromise assessment
A KEV match means the vulnerability has been exploited in the wild; it does not prove that your particular asset was compromised. If the asset is exposed or the vendor advisory describes active exploitation conditions, involve the team responsible for logs, detection, and incident response while remediation proceeds. Keep the vulnerability decision and any compromise investigation as separate records so that patch status does not get mistaken for evidence about past activity.
Apply the vendor’s remediation or mitigation
CISA’s catalog directs organizations to apply the vendor’s remediation or mitigation. Follow the vendor advisory’s sequence, maintenance requirements, and validation checks.
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- Confirm that the proposed update is compatible with the installed edition, operating environment, integrations, and support status.
- Back up or otherwise protect the configuration and data required for recovery under your normal change process.
- Apply the vendor’s fixed version or upgrade path within the approved change window.
- Verify the installed version after the change and confirm that the vulnerable feature operates as expected.
- Re-run the relevant inventory or vulnerability check and attach the result to the asset record.
When only a mitigation exists
Implement the vendor’s documented mitigation exactly as written, then record the setting, control, or network restriction used. A mitigation may reduce exposure without removing the vulnerable code, so track it as an interim state and monitor the vendor for a permanent fix. If the mitigation depends on a feature remaining disabled, include that dependency in configuration monitoring.
When no remediation or mitigation exists
CISA’s catalog instruction says to discontinue use of the product when neither remediation nor mitigation is available. Plan an alternative, isolate or remove the affected asset according to your risk and continuity procedures, and document the decision and owner. Do not represent an unsupported product as remediated merely because access to it has been restricted.
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Document each decision
A useful record lets another analyst understand why an alert was confirmed, excluded, or deferred. For each asset and CVE, record:
- Asset identifier and location
- Vendor, exact product, edition, and observed version or build
- CVE and KEV entry checked
- Catalog-check date and source file date when using CSV or JSON
- Vendor advisory and the vendor’s affected-version determination
- Relevant prerequisite or configuration condition
- SBOM component identity and VEX status, when applicable
- Exposure and business-criticality assessment
- Remediation, mitigation, discontinuation, or documented exception
- Action owner, change date, verification result, and completion date
Keep the original finding even when the vendor determines that the installation is not affected. The determination explains why the alert was closed and prevents the same ambiguity from being reopened during the next catalog update.
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Repeat the check as the catalog and inventory change
KEV is a changing catalog. New entries can affect software that was previously clear, and software inventories change whenever teams deploy, upgrade, remove, or reconfigure assets. Schedule recurring checks that cover both sides:
- Refresh the software inventory when assets or versions change.
- Recheck the live catalog or a newly downloaded CSV or JSON file.
- Match new entries against products, components, and aliases in the inventory.
- Revisit open mitigations and unsupported products after vendor advisories change.
- Close records only after the installed version or configuration has been verified.
For a fleet, store the catalog file, schema version if used, inventory snapshot, matching results, and analyst determinations together. This gives you a dated trail instead of an unexplained “clean” status.
Common mistakes and how to correct them
Searching only by product name
Problem: The search finds a similarly named product or misses an alias.
Correction: Search vendor, exact product, aliases, and known CVEs, then confirm the advisory’s edition and version range.
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Declaring every installation affected after a match
Problem: The catalog entry is treated as a universal statement about the vendor or product family.
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Correction: Compare the installed build and configuration with the vendor advisory for each asset.
Ignoring dependencies
Problem: A scanner reports a vulnerable library, but the team cannot show whether the consuming product uses the vulnerable code.
Correction: Identify the component through an SBOM and consult the supplier’s VEX or product-specific advisory.
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Problem: Software absent from KEV is marked risk-free.
Correction: Continue normal vulnerability discovery and patching. KEV prioritizes known exploitation; it is not a complete vulnerability list.
Applying a patch without recording the result
Problem: The change is made, but no one can prove which asset was fixed or whether the fix was verified.
Correction: Record the observed version, action, owner, date, and post-change verification for every affected asset.
A practical end-to-end checklist
- Export or assemble a dated inventory of software instances, including appliances and relevant components.
- Normalize vendor and product names and capture complete versions or builds.
- Search the CISA KEV Catalog by vendor, product, aliases, and known CVE.
- For repeated checks, download the catalog in CSV or JSON and retain the retrieval date.
- For each apparent hit, open the vendor advisory named by the catalog.
- Verify product identity, edition, version range, prerequisites, configuration, and support status.
- For a dependency, use an SBOM and supplier VEX information when available.
- Prioritize using applicability, exposure, business impact, available action, and organizational deadlines.
- Apply the vendor’s remediation or mitigation; discontinue use when neither is available.
- Record the asset, CVE, determination, action, owner, and completion date.
- Repeat the process whenever the inventory or KEV catalog changes.
How to interpret the result
There are three useful outcomes. A confirmed affected result means the vendor’s advisory places the observed product and configuration in the affected range; remediate or mitigate according to the advisory. A not affected result means the vendor’s documented conditions do not apply to that installation; retain the evidence and continue ordinary vulnerability management. An unresolved result means the product, version, component, configuration, or supplier determination is incomplete; assign an owner and deadline rather than treating uncertainty as a clean result.
This approach turns KEV from a name-matching exercise into a repeatable decision process: know what is installed, identify known exploitation, verify exact applicability, act on the vendor’s instructions, and preserve the evidence.
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