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Gacha pity is a game-specific counter that tracks unsuccessful pulls and eventually raises or guarantees a high-rarity result. To plan pulls correctly, separate the one-pull base rate from the higher pity-adjusted (consolidated) rate, identify the banner’s pool and currency, and check what happens after a non-featured result. Hard-pity ceilings are planning limits, not the number every player will need.
What “pity” means in a gacha system
A gacha pull is a random draw from the item pool shown for a particular banner. The game assigns each possible result a probability, then applies any rules that track your previous unsuccessful pulls. That tracking system is commonly called pity.
Pity can work in several ways:
- Rarity pity: the chance of a high-rarity item increases as you go without one, or a high-rarity item becomes guaranteed by a stated pull ceiling.
- Featured pity: after a high-rarity result is not the featured item, the next high-rarity result may be guaranteed to be featured.
- Exchange or selector systems: some games let pulls produce a currency or points that can be exchanged for a chosen item instead of relying on another random draw.
A high-rarity result normally resets the relevant rarity counter. Whether that counter, or a lost-featured guarantee, survives when a banner ends depends on the game and banner family. Pity is therefore a rule in a specific game, not a universal gacha standard.
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Base rate versus consolidated rate
The base rate is the probability assigned to one pull before pity effects are considered. It answers: “What is the chance on this individual pull under the published starting conditions?”
A consolidated rate (also called an average or pity-adjusted rate) includes extra high-rarity results created by pity guarantees and any increasing-rate stages. It answers a different question: “Across a large number of pulls under the complete rules, how often do high-rarity results occur on average?” Because guaranteed results are included, the consolidated figure is usually higher than the base rate. It is not the chance on every individual pull.
For example, the cited Genshin Impact Wish reference lists a 0.6% base rate for a 5-star and a 5.1% rate for a 4-star-or-higher result in its described character-event system. The same reference records a 4-star-or-higher guarantee on the 10th wish and a 5-star guarantee on the 90th wish. Those figures belong to that system and version context; they should not be applied to another game or banner without checking its notice.
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1Repair Windows errors before they cause bigger problems2Scan for outdated or missing drivers - takes under a minute3Clear out junk files and repair common Windows errors| Figure | What it describes | How to use it |
|---|---|---|
| Base rate | Probability on a pull before pity changes the outcome | Estimate the chance of the next pull at the current stage only when the game publishes that stage’s rate |
| Consolidated rate | Average probability after guarantees and pity effects are included | Compare systems over many pulls; do not treat it as the chance on every pull |
Many games publish the base rate and hard guarantee but do not publish a complete formula for every intermediate pull. Community estimates of a “soft-pity” curve can be useful for planning, but they remain estimates unless the publisher documents the formula.
What a banner controls
A banner is a time-limited or persistent summon pool with its own eligible items, featured items, currency, duration and guarantee rules. The banner details screen is the controlling source for the current rules, especially after a patch.
Pool and target
Read the item list first. A character banner can contain characters and a weapon banner can contain weapons, while a standard pool may include a broad permanent selection. “Rate-up” means the listed featured items have a higher chance than other eligible items; it does not mean the item is guaranteed on the next pull.
Currency and expiry
Different banner families can require different tickets or currencies. A ticket saved for one family may not work on another. Check the banner’s end time and whether its pity counter is shared with the next banner of the same family.
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Rarity and featured rules
Record both the high-rarity ceiling and the featured-item rule. A banner can guarantee a 5-star by a ceiling but still require a second 5-star after losing a featured-versus-non-featured check. Other games use a 75/25 split, a selector, an exchange shop or no featured guarantee at all.
How staged guarantees and “50/50” work
“50/50” is shorthand for a featured-versus-non-featured check at a particular rarity. In a typical implementation, the first qualifying high-rarity result has a 50% chance to be the featured item. If it is not featured, the next qualifying high-rarity result is guaranteed to be featured. The guarantee usually resets after the featured result, but the exact reset and carry-over rules are game-specific.
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Do not assume that every game uses 50/50. The same design space includes 75/25 odds, a direct selector after a loss, a spark or exchange currency, and systems with no featured protection.
Honkai: Star Rail Character Oriented Warp example
The cited reference for the Character Oriented Warp reports a 0.6% 5-star rate, a 50% chance that a 5-star is the rate-up character, a guarantee that the next 5-star is rate-up after losing that check, and a 90-pull 5-star ceiling. Under those stated rules, the worst-case route to one rate-up character is 180 qualifying pulls: up to 90 pulls for the first 5-star, followed by up to 90 more for the guaranteed featured 5-star.
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Honkai: Star Rail Light Cone Oriented Warp example
The same reference reports a 75% rate-up chance for the featured Light Cone, a guarantee after a loss, and an 80-pull 5-star ceiling. The stated worst case for one rate-up Light Cone is therefore 160 qualifying pulls.
| Banner example | Published high-rarity rate | Featured chance at that rarity | Hard ceiling | Stated worst case for one featured item |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character Oriented Warp | 0.6% for a 5-star | 50%; next 5-star guaranteed after a loss | 90 pulls | 180 pulls |
| Light Cone Oriented Warp | Published reference reports a 5-star rate | 75%; next 5-star guaranteed after a loss | 80 pulls | 160 pulls |
The Light Cone reference specifies the 75% featured chance and 80-pull ceiling but does not provide a separate base-rate figure in the cited material, so those are the values to use when planning from that reference.
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Genshin Impact’s Capturing Radiance
Genshin Impact has also documented an additional, version-specific mechanic called Capturing Radiance. Its official explanation states: “If the promotional 5-star character is the second 5-star character you obtain on three consecutive occasions, the ‘Capturing Radiance’ mechanic is guaranteed to be triggered the next time you obtain a 5-star character in a Wish.” This is an extra rule for the described system, not the definition of pity and not a universal feature of gacha banners.
Does pity carry over?
Carry-over is determined by banner family, not by the word “pity” alone. A game may preserve a rarity counter from one character banner to the next character banner while keeping weapon or light-cone progress separate. A guarantee created by losing a featured check may also carry to the next banner of that same family, but you must verify this in the current rules.
Track these values separately:
- Pulls since the last high-rarity result for each banner family.
- Whether your next high-rarity result is guaranteed to be featured.
- The currency or ticket type used by the banner.
- The banner family to which the counter belongs.
Never combine character and weapon counters unless the game explicitly says they share progress. A new banner can look similar while using an independent counter, a different ceiling or a different featured rule.
A practical method for planning pulls
- Open the current banner details. Record the eligible pool, featured items, base rates, rarity guarantees, featured rule and end date. Use the in-game notice for the live patch rather than an old chart.
- Write down each counter separately. Note your current pity for every banner family and whether you hold a next-high-rarity featured guarantee.
- Identify what resets. Confirm which result resets rarity pity, which result consumes a featured guarantee and whether progress continues to the next banner of the same family.
- Calculate two limits. Estimate a likely or expected path using the published rates, but also calculate the hard-pity ceiling. Label any soft-pity curve supplied by a community source as an estimate.
- Convert pulls into tickets and currency. Use the game’s current exchange rate and the regional price display. Do not reuse a conversion from another region, patch or banner family.
- Set a stopping rule. Decide whether your target is the featured item, any high-rarity item or a fixed number of copies. Stop when the target is reached unless the next objective is also affordable under the same rules.
The hard ceiling tells you the maximum qualifying pulls allowed by the published rule; it does not predict your personal cost. You can receive the target on the first pull, on an earlier high-rarity result or only after the full staged guarantee.
Which banner should you pull on?
Choose by comparing the banner’s target and rules, not by rarity label alone.
- Choose a character-focused banner when the featured character is your priority and its counter, currency and guarantee are favorable for your current pity.
- Choose a weapon or Light Cone banner only when the item materially improves a character you use and you have budget for its separate ceiling and featured sequence.
- Use a standard banner when you specifically want its permanent pool and accept that it may not provide the limited featured protection found on event banners.
- Save for a later banner when you cannot reach the relevant ceiling or when the current pool contains no target you would keep.
Compare banners on five axes: pool and target, base and consolidated odds, pity ceiling and reset behavior, featured guarantee, and currency plus expiry. A lower ceiling is not automatically better if the featured chance is lower or the pool contains items you do not want.
Common mistakes and how to avoid them
Confusing a consolidated rate with the next-pull chance
A consolidated percentage includes guaranteed outcomes over many pulls. Check the base rate and your current pity stage before judging the next draw.
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Assuming a 50/50 is universal
Confirm the featured split and the rule after a loss. A banner may use 75/25, a selector or no protection.
Counting pulls across unrelated banners
Keep separate records for character, weapon, standard and any other families. Similar interfaces do not prove shared pity.
Treating the ceiling as an average
A 90-pull or 80-pull ceiling is a maximum under the stated rule. It is not an average cost and does not imply that every player reaches it.
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Relying on an old patch notice
Rates, ceilings, pools and special mechanics can change. Recheck the current banner details after updates and before converting money into tickets.
What the published rules can—and cannot—tell you
Published rates and guarantees let you calculate a defensible maximum and compare banner structures. They do not establish a universal soft-pity formula, a cross-game average cost or identical behavior across editions and patches. A secondary system reference updated April 5, 2025 can help explain terminology, but the live banner notice remains the authority for a current pull.
Use pity as a budgeting tool: identify the exact family, record your counter and guarantee state, calculate the worst case, and pull only when that outcome fits your limit. Randomness determines when the result arrives inside those rules; pity determines the protection the rules provide.
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