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Changing which metals occupy a shared porous framework can change how that material responds to magnetic fields, absorbs light, and takes up gas. A University of Birmingham team reports this approach in UoB-116, a metal–organic framework (MOF) that retained the same underlying crystal structure across compositions containing as many as 16 metals.
What is the “metallic recipe” in UoB-116?
A MOF is an ordered structure in which metal atoms connect through organic molecules. The resulting framework contains tiny pores. In UoB-116, the “recipe” means the choice and proportion of metals incorporated into that structure—not a household mixture or a finished consumer material.
The team first prepared and structurally characterized 15 individual UoB-116 versions, each with a different rare-earth metal. It then made progressively more complex compositions, including versions with 2, 4, 12 and 15 metals. Adding indium produced a 16-metal framework containing yttrium, indium and 14 lanthanides. The University of Birmingham’s 7 October 2026 announcement describes this as the first reported MOF combining metals from the periodic table’s d-, p- and f-blocks, and says 16 was the highest number reported in a MOF at that time. These are claims made by the university announcement.
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The reported comparisons use dysprosium and lanthanum to show that composition can shift several responses within the framework. The release describes trends as metal content changes, rather than a single composition being best for every purpose.
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| Composition change | Reported response |
|---|---|
| More dysprosium | Increased magnetic response; near-infrared absorption could be adjusted through dysprosium concentration. |
| More lanthanum | Progressively reduced measured surface area. |
| All dysprosium versus all lanthanum | CO₂ uptake was 5.72 mmol/g for the all-dysprosium material and 1.23 mmol/g for the all-lanthanum version under the conditions tested, according to the University of Birmingham announcement. |
The CO₂ figures are specific to the tested conditions. The announcement does not provide the measurement temperature, pressure, uncertainty or detailed protocol, so the values should not be generalized to other conditions or treated as a universal comparison of MOFs.
What could this kind of tuning be useful for?
Being able to vary composition while retaining a shared framework could help researchers target particular material responses. Professor Neil Champness, the study’s corresponding author and Head of School at the University of Birmingham, said: “Our findings confirm a route towards ‘programmable’ porous materials, where scientists could choose a combination of metals to dial magnetic, optical, chemical, or gas-adsorption behaviour.”
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MOFs broadly are being investigated for gas storage and separation, sensing, catalysis, bio-imaging and magnetic materials. The university announcement also identifies possible opportunities in hydrogen storage, carbon capture, water harvesting, chemical separations, and drug delivery or imaging. These are wider research directions and proposed uses; the announcement does not establish that UoB-116 is deployed or commercially ready for them.
What the results do—and do not—establish
The central result is a demonstration that varying metal composition in UoB-116 can alter measured properties while preserving the underlying crystal structure. It does not show that every desired property can already be predicted or independently controlled, nor that a particular composition will outperform others in every application.
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The study is titled “Rare-Earth Multivariate Metal–Organic Frameworks: Cationic Radius Biased Compositional Control and Property Tuning” and was named in the university announcement as published in Angewandte Chemie. The announcement does not provide scale-up data or enough methodological detail to assess how the reported responses would translate to operating devices or industrial processes.
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