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If n8n is generating an internal, stale, or HTTP webhook URL behind a reverse proxy, set N8N_WEBHOOK_URL to the public webhook base URL, set N8N_PROXY_HOPS to match the trusted proxy chain, and have the last proxy forward X-Forwarded-For, X-Forwarded-Host, and X-Forwarded-Proto. Then restart or redeploy n8n so the running process receives the settings.
Why webhooks fail behind a reverse proxy
By default, n8n builds webhook URLs using N8N_PROTOCOL, N8N_HOST, and N8N_PORT. In a proxied deployment, those values may describe n8n’s internal address rather than the public address used by webhook callers. For example, n8n may listen internally on port 5678 while the proxy accepts public HTTPS traffic on port 443. The generated URL can therefore expose the wrong scheme, hostname, or port. n8n’s reverse-proxy guidance explains this mismatch.
The fix has three parts: tell n8n its public webhook URL, tell it how many proxy hops to trust, and preserve the original request details in forwarded headers.
Apply the core configuration
1. Set the public webhook base URL
Set N8N_WEBHOOK_URL to the externally reachable base URL for the n8n deployment. For example:
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export N8N_WEBHOOK_URL=https://n8n.example.com/Replace the example host and any path with the public URL your deployment actually uses. Include the public HTTPS scheme when TLS terminates at the proxy. n8n uses this base URL for both test and production webhooks, so check the URL displayed for the webhook in the relevant node. The proxy guide shows the trailing-slash form in its example, and the endpoint environment-variable reference describes the setting’s scope.
2. Set the number of trusted proxy hops
Set N8N_PROXY_HOPS to the number of trusted proxies between the incoming client request and n8n. The official example uses one hop:
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export N8N_PROXY_HOPS=1Use 1 only if that reflects your actual trusted request path. If requests pass through more or fewer proxies, configure the value to match that chain rather than copying the example blindly. n8n’s guide documents the example setting.
3. Forward the original request headers
Configure the final proxy in the chain—the one that passes the request to n8n—to forward these headers:
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X-Forwarded-ForX-Forwarded-HostX-Forwarded-Proto
They let n8n recover the original client and public request information. The required headers are documented by n8n’s proxy guide; exact configuration syntax depends on the proxy product and deployment.
Check that the change took effect
- Inspect the URL in the webhook node. Confirm that it uses the public hostname and scheme, and does not expose an internal host or port. If TLS ends at the proxy, the externally used URL should use HTTPS.
- Check the environment of the running process. Make sure the container, service manager, or other process launcher actually passes
N8N_WEBHOOK_URLandN8N_PROXY_HOPSto n8n. - Restart or redeploy n8n if needed. Environment changes generally need to reach a newly started process. In one community report, a PM2-managed instance picked up updated values after
pm2 restart n8n --update-env; this is a PM2-specific example, not a universal restart command. See the reported PM2 case. - Recheck the displayed URL. If it remains internal or stale, verify the actual process environment and whether you edited the configuration for the instance that serves the editor and webhooks.
Separate URL generation from webhook delivery
A correct URL shown in the editor does not by itself prove that an external service has registered or can reach it. Diagnose the remaining failure according to where it occurs:
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The URL is wrong or a service rejects it
Confirm that the URL uses the current public hostname and HTTPS scheme, and that the external service has registered that current URL rather than an older one. The official n8n references establish how to set the base URL, but do not provide vendor-specific steps for updating registrations in every external service.
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Check that the public route reaches the proxy and that the proxy routes requests to the n8n webhook endpoint. Also confirm that the final proxy forwards the required headers. The correct routing details depend on your proxy and deployment; the official guide specifies the headers but does not provide a complete configuration for every proxy product.
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The editor or browser behaves strangely
If the webhook URL and routing appear correct but the UI has a separate problem, inspect browser-console errors and response headers as deployment-specific clues. One community discussion attributed an individual issue to a restrictive Content Security Policy (CSP) header; that report does not establish CSP as a general cause of failed webhooks. Do not remove security headers as a blanket fix. Read the individual community report.
Independent reader supportYour contribution helps us test, update, and keep practical guides available for everyone.Use the current environment-variable name
Use N8N_WEBHOOK_URL in current setup instructions. The endpoint reference says the older WEBHOOK_URL name is deprecated starting with n8n 2.35.0, remains an alias, and produces a startup deprecation warning. Confirm configuration details against the documentation for the n8n version you run. See the endpoint reference.
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