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The Devices Profile for Web Services (DPWS) is an OASIS profile that sets interoperability constraints for web services running on resource-constrained devices. It brings together requirements for messaging, discovery, service descriptions, and event notifications; it is a standards profile, not a device or consumer product.
What DPWS defines
DPWS specifies a minimal set of implementation constraints intended to let constrained web-service endpoints communicate with more flexible clients. Its scope includes sending secure messages, finding services dynamically, describing what those services offer, and subscribing to and receiving events. The profile combines and constrains related web-service capabilities rather than defining a standalone device.
OASIS approved DPWS Version 1.1 as a standard on 1 July 2009. The standard was produced by the OASIS Web Services Discovery and Web Services Devices Profile Technical Committee. Read the OASIS DPWS 1.1 specification.
How DPWS discovery works
DPWS uses discovery to help clients locate services without relying only on a manually configured address. The related WS-Discovery protocol defines how that locating works. In ad hoc operation, a requester sends a probe to a multicast group; services that match can respond directly. WS-Discovery also defines a managed mode and behavior for suppressing multicast traffic when a discovery proxy is available.
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A target service can announce when it joins or leaves the network. Those announcements can reduce the need for clients to poll continuously. DPWS and WS-Discovery are related but distinct: DPWS is the broader profile for device endpoints, while WS-Discovery focuses on locating services. See the OASIS WS-Discovery 1.1 specification.
What a client does after finding a device
Discovery is only the first step in using a service. Microsoft’s WSDAPI overview describes a client workflow that proceeds from discovering a device to enumerating its hosted services, retrieving service descriptions, and connecting to a service to perform an action. Printers, webcams, and video systems are examples in Microsoft’s documentation; that does not mean every device in those categories implements DPWS. Microsoft’s Web Services on Devices overview.
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DPWS and Microsoft’s WSDAPI
Web Services on Devices API (WSDAPI) is Microsoft’s name for an implementation of DPWS documented for Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008. Microsoft described it as supporting discovery, one-way and two-way control messaging, and eventing. These are historical platform details: the cited documentation does not establish current Windows support.
An implementation’s behavior should not be assumed to cover every elective feature in a profile. Microsoft’s WSDAPI compliance documentation identifies elective DPWS functionality it implements and functionality it omits, so conformance or feature support must be checked against the specific implementation. Microsoft’s WSDAPI DPWS compliance details.
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Current status and security scope
The OASIS WS-DD Technical Committee closed on 28 November 2016 after publishing DPWS 1.1, WS-Discovery 1.1, and SOAP-over-UDP 1.1. OASIS says the committee’s archives remain publicly accessible. The committee’s closure describes the committee’s status; it does not establish that all implementations or related standards have been abandoned. OASIS WS-DD committee page and archives.
DPWS includes secure messaging in its stated scope, but the overview here does not specify particular security mechanisms or provide implementation-level security guidance. Those details require consulting the security provisions in the full DPWS specification.
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