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Yes, it is possible—but it depends on how the site is built and what software you are using. A malicious or compromised page can exploit a vulnerability in a browser or related software and, if the exploit succeeds, run code without a download click. More often, a website-related infection may begin when someone is tricked into downloading and opening a fake update, warning, or security tool.
How a website can install malware
A drive-by compromise starts when a visitor loads a page that contains attacker-controlled content. The page may check the browser or related software for vulnerable versions, then deliver exploit code aimed at a weakness it finds. If exploitation succeeds, the attacker may gain the ability to run code on the device. Updated software and security protections can block or limit an attack, but they cannot make every visit risk-free. MITRE ATT&CK describes this technique as Drive-by Compromise.
Some attacks use an exploit kit: a collection of exploits that can test for different software vulnerabilities and deliver additional malware if a target is vulnerable. A small payload called shellcode may retrieve more malware from an attacker-controlled server. Microsoft distinguishes a downloader, which retrieves other malware over the internet, from a dropper, which installs other malicious files embedded in it. Microsoft Learn explains exploits and exploit kits, and its malware criteria describe downloader and dropper behavior.
A familiar site is not a guarantee
The domain does not have to look suspicious. Attackers may inject code into a legitimate site, compromise a third-party script or cloud-hosted file, place malicious advertising, or abuse user-controlled content. A trusted site can therefore carry a harmful ad or embedded element even if its normal pages are legitimate. Microsoft’s consumer guidance and MITRE’s technique description cover these routes.
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Visiting alone versus clicking a fake prompt
These are two different infection paths. Exploit-driven compromise may not require a deliberate download click, but it depends on vulnerable software and a successful exploit. Deceptive installation depends on persuading the visitor to download, install, or run a malicious file. Microsoft describes both automatic infection from malicious or compromised sites and tricking people into installing malware. Microsoft’s malware-prevention guidance discusses deceptive downloads.
| Path | What has to happen | What helps reduce risk |
|---|---|---|
| Exploit-driven compromise | The browser or related software has a relevant vulnerability, and the exploit succeeds; a download click may not be needed. | Keep software updated and use browser protections. |
| Deceptive installation | A visitor is persuaded to download, install, or run a malicious file. | Reject unexpected prompts and get apps or updates from the publisher’s official site or store. |
The available official guidance explains how these paths work, but does not quantify the chance that an ordinary visit will infect a fully updated device or establish a current risk ranking across browsers and operating systems.
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- WORKS WITH 1000+ ACCOUNTS: Compatible with Google, Microsoft, and Apple. A single Security Key NFC secures 100 of your favorite accounts, including email, password managers, and more.
- FAST & CONVENIENT LOGIN: Plug in your Security Key NFC via USB-A and tap it, or tap it against your phone (NFC) to authenticate. No batteries, no internet connection, and no extra fees required.
- TRUSTED PASSKEY TECHNOLOGY: Uses the latest passkey standards (FIDO2/WebAuthn & FIDO U2F) but does not support One-Time Passwords. For complex needs, check out the YubiKey 5 Series.
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How to reduce the risk
- Update your browser and other software. Remove unused programs and browser extensions to reduce unnecessary exposure. Microsoft recommends these steps in its malware-prevention guidance.
- Use browser protections and updated security software. The FTC recommends keeping security software current and enabling automatic scanning of new files. These measures reduce risk; they are not guarantees. The FTC’s malware guide was dated April 2025.
- Use a non-administrator account for everyday activity. Limiting privileges can make it harder for malware to make consequential system changes if it runs.
- Be wary of pressure and unexpected downloads. Misspelled domains, aggressive pop-ups, misleading buttons, and offers of pirated media or software can be warning signs. Do not install an update or security tool from an unsolicited page prompt; go to the publisher or official app store instead.
What to do if you suspect an infection
- Stop signing in to sensitive accounts on the affected device. This reduces the chance of exposing more credentials while you investigate.
- Update your security software and run a scan. Follow the security software’s instructions for handling anything it detects.
- Protect accounts if access may have been exposed. Change affected passwords and enable two-factor authentication.
Unexpected redirects, new browser toolbars, excessive pop-ups, slowdowns, repeated system errors, or disabled system tools can be signs of malware, but none proves an infection by itself. Malware may also go unnoticed for a time. The FTC outlines these symptoms and response steps in its malware guidance.
Quick Recap
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- For the driver download and user guide, please visit TrustKey Solutions Home support page.
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