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To capture an entire scrollable page in Playwright, call page.screenshot() with fullPage: true in JavaScript (or the equivalent option for your language). For example: await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png', fullPage: true }); The result includes the full page rather than just the visible viewport.
Capture a full page in JavaScript
Use the Page screenshot API after navigating to the page you want to capture:
const { chromium } = require('playwright');
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
try {
await page.goto('https://example.com');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png', fullPage: true });
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
})();The essential setting is fullPage: true. Without it, fullPage defaults to false and the screenshot covers the viewport. With it, Playwright captures the full scrollable page, as though the content fit on a very tall screen. The option belongs to page.screenshot(), not navigation.
For a quick one-off capture, the core call is simply:
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await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png', fullPage: true });Playwright uses the file extension to determine the image type when you provide a path. You can also specify the type explicitly. The Page screenshot API supports PNG, JPEG, and WebP.
Choose the right capture workflow
Save an image file
Pass a filename in path when the next step is opening, sharing, or archiving an image:
await page.screenshot({ path: 'full-page.png', fullPage: true });Return an image buffer
Omit path to get image bytes back from the screenshot call. A buffer is useful when your application will encode, process, upload, or compare the image without first writing it to disk:
const image = await page.screenshot({ fullPage: true });
// Pass image to your image-processing or upload code.Capture one element instead
When you only need a card, chart, or other matching element, use a locator screenshot rather than capturing the whole document:
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Use a screenshot assertion for visual regression tests
For automated visual regression checks, Playwright Test provides toHaveScreenshot. Its documented behavior waits for two consecutive screenshots to match before comparing the last capture with the expected image. This assertion is limited to the Playwright test runner; a direct page.screenshot() call creates an image but does not itself assert that the image matches a baseline.
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Use the equivalent option in Python or Java
Python, synchronous
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.chromium.launch()
page = browser.new_page()
try:
page.goto("https://example.com")
page.screenshot(path="screenshot.png", full_page=True)
finally:
browser.close()Python, asynchronous
import asyncio
from playwright.async_api import async_playwright
async def main():
async with async_playwright() as p:
browser = await p.chromium.launch()
page = await browser.new_page()
try:
await page.goto("https://example.com")
await page.screenshot(path="screenshot.png", full_page=True)
finally:
await browser.close()
asyncio.run(main())Python spells the option full_page with an underscore. The official guide shows this option for both synchronous and asynchronous calls.
Java
In Java, the corresponding setting is setFullPage(true) on the screenshot options:
page.screenshot(new Page.ScreenshotOptions()
.setPath(Paths.get("screenshot.png"))
.setFullPage(true));Use the naming convention of your language binding: JavaScript uses fullPage, Python uses full_page, and Java uses setFullPage(true).
Set image format, quality, and scale
The screenshot options let you choose the output and how pixels are represented. Defaults and option availability can change with Playwright releases, so consult the API documentation for the version installed in your project.
| Option | What it does | Practical consideration |
|---|---|---|
path |
Writes the image to a file; the extension can determine output type. | Omit it when you want the screenshot returned as a buffer. |
type |
Selects PNG, JPEG, or WebP output. | Choose according to the downstream use and the image characteristics. |
quality |
Sets quality for JPEG and WebP; it does not apply to PNG. | The documented JPEG default is 80. The documented WebP default is 100, which is lossless. |
scale |
Controls CSS-pixel or device-pixel output. | css uses one output pixel per CSS pixel. device, the documented default, uses device pixels and can produce larger images on high-DPI displays. |
For example, to request WebP output at CSS-pixel scale:
await page.screenshot({
path: 'full-page.webp',
type: 'webp',
quality: 90,
scale: 'css',
fullPage: true
});Use a quality value only when the selected type supports it. PNG ignores that setting. Choosing CSS-pixel scale can reduce pixel dimensions compared with device-pixel scale on a high-DPI display, but the API documentation does not promise a particular file size or speed benefit.
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Control animation, masks, caret, and background
Reduce animation differences
The animations option accepts disabled or allow; allow is the documented default. Disabling animations stops CSS animations, transitions, and Web Animations, but finite and infinite animations are handled differently. This can make captures less sensitive to moving content, but it does not guarantee that every page will produce an identical image.
await page.screenshot({
path: 'stable-attempt.png',
fullPage: true,
animations: 'disabled'
});Mask sensitive or variable elements
Use mask with locators for regions you want covered, such as user-specific data or content that changes between test runs. maskColor sets the covering color; its documented default is pink (#FF00FF).
await page.screenshot({
path: 'masked.png',
fullPage: true,
mask: [page.locator('.account-name')],
maskColor: '#999999'
});Choose caret and background behavior
The caret option can hide the text caret or leave its initial behavior unchanged; hiding is the documented default. omitBackground omits the default white background to allow transparency, but does not apply to JPEG.
await page.screenshot({
path: 'transparent.png',
fullPage: true,
omitBackground: true,
caret: 'hide'
});These controls influence the capture but cannot remove every application-specific source of variation. If a page updates asynchronously or personalizes content, address those conditions in the test or page setup too.
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Make full-page captures dependable
The screenshot call only captures the page state that exists when it runs. For pages that load content after navigation, arrange for the page to reach the state you intend to document before taking the image. A full-page flag changes the captured coverage; it is not a guarantee that every delayed asset or application state has finished loading.
- Navigate to the intended URL and ensure the page is in the desired state before capture.
- Use the same viewport and device scale choices for repeated comparisons.
- Disable animations or mask changing regions when those differences are irrelevant to the comparison.
- Use a locator screenshot for a specific element; use a full-page Page screenshot when the whole scrollable document is needed.
- Use Playwright Test screenshot assertions for baseline comparison rather than treating file creation as a test.
The official documentation does not establish a universal maximum image dimension or memory bound for full-page screenshots. Do not assume one numeric ceiling, or identical behavior across browsers, based on the API description alone. For unusually long pages, validate the actual output in your target browser and environment and account for the fact that a complete capture can contain far more pixels than a viewport image.
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Troubleshoot common problems
The image shows only the visible viewport
Cause: fullPage was omitted or set to false. Fix: set fullPage: true in JavaScript, full_page=True in Python, or setFullPage(true) in Java.
The screenshot is missing content that appears later
Cause: the capture ran before the application had reached the state you wanted. Fix: make your navigation and page setup wait for the relevant application content before calling screenshot(). Full-page mode captures the scrollable page; it is not a substitute for coordinating application loading.
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Cause: a locator screenshot of a scrollable element captures only its currently scrolled content. Fix: use a full-page Page screenshot if the content belongs to the document, or arrange the container’s state according to what you need to capture. Do not expect a locator screenshot to expand into the entire internal scroll range.
A visual test changes between runs
Cause: animations or changing page content may differ at capture time. Fix: consider animations: 'disabled' and masking specific dynamic regions. These options reduce some sources of variation but do not guarantee identical results for all applications.
The output differs in size or sharpness
Cause: output format, quality, or CSS-versus-device scale differs. Fix: make type, quality where applicable, and scale explicit in workflows where output characteristics matter. Remember that device scale can yield more pixels on a high-DPI display.
A transparent background does not appear
Cause: the selected format is JPEG, for which omitBackground does not apply. Fix: choose PNG or WebP when transparency is required and enable omitBackground.
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Or skip the browser setup
For a one-call website screenshot, ScreenshotNeo accepts a URL and returns an image or PDF. Its API supports full-page capture with lazy images loaded. See the ScreenshotNeo documentation for the available parameters and response details.
curl -G "https://api.screenshotneo.com/v1/shot"
-d access_key=YOUR_API_KEY
--data-urlencode url=https://example.com
-o shot.webp- Cookie and consent banners are accepted before capture, and 60+ known consent platforms, newsletter popups, and chat widgets are removed; each of those steps can be turned off.
- Bot checks or CAPTCHAs, blank pages, timeouts, failed loads, and cache hits cost nothing; responses identify the page verdict and billing status in headers.
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Official Playwright references
- Playwright screenshot guide
- Page screenshot API
- Locator screenshot API
- Playwright Test screenshot assertions
The screenshot guide is served from Playwright’s next documentation path rather than a pinned release. Check the documentation for the Playwright version installed in your project when relying on release-specific options or defaults.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does fullPage change the browser viewport?
It changes screenshot coverage to include the full scrollable page; the option is for the screenshot capture.
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Can I use toHaveScreenshot outside Playwright Test?
No. The documented screenshot assertion is limited to the Playwright test runner.
Which Playwright language uses full_page?
Python; JavaScript uses fullPage, while Java uses setFullPage(true).
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